Estimating effects of nitrogen (N) deposition is essential for understanding human impacts on biodiversity. However, studies relating atmospheric N deposition to plant diversity are usually restricted to small plots of high conservation value. Here, we used data on 381 randomly selected 1 km(2) plots covering most habitat types of Central Europe and an elevational range of 2900 m. We found that...

Cyanobacteria are phototrophic bacteria carrying out oxygen-producing photosynthesis. Indeed, cyanobacteria were the inventors of oxygenic photosynthesis carried out by eukaryotic algae and plants. Besides showing the capability of building their cellular carbon from carbon dioxide, available in the atmosphere, several strains of cyanobacteria have also acquired the ability to fix molecular din...

This Policy Position Statement outlines the technical challenges involved in the assessment and management of future concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere. It notes that NO2 is the pollutant responsible for most breaches in European standards for air quality in the UK and that, as a result, a robust evidence based approach is required to assess future concentrations of this...

Many questions, needed to advance our understanding of the mechanism of injury from high-level NO2, remain unanswered to date. This is partly due to the limited interest in the toxicity of high-level exposures, and partly due to the public pressure and interest to study the effects of low- (environmental) levels. However, the effects of exposure to high-level NO2 are of great interest to the mi...

● Emissions of NOx have fallen by 37% from 1990 to 2000. This has been mainly due to reductions in emissions from road transport and public power generation. ● Road transport is the largest source of NOx emissions in the UK, contributing 49% of total emissions in 2000. However, emissions from road transport have fallen by 34% between 1990 and 2000 due to improvements in engine design and fittin...

As a severe environmental pollutant, detection and quantitation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have been studied for centuries. In this review, recent progress of NO2 analysis in the atmosphere will be summarized. Four major types of detection technologies, including traditional chemical detection, optical detection, solid-state field effect transistor detection, and other detection technology are c...

A b s t r a c t S u r f a c e area determinations were made on a montmorillonite with various cations emplaced on the exchangeable sites, utilizing nitrogen and carbon dioxide as adsorbates at 77~ and 195~ respectively, in a dynamic system. From the fraction of a Mississippi montmorillonite less than about 1/x in size, samples were prepared by replacing the original exchangeable cations with Li...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Evidence linking outdoor air pollution and incidence of stroke is limited. We examined effects of outdoor air pollution on the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke at the population level focusing on middle-aged and older people. METHODS We used a small-area level ecological study design and a stroke register set up to capture all incident cases of first-ever st...

In recent years there has been more awareness about the impact of air pollution on the incidence of acute and chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of certain meteorological factors, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the air and the number of patients who were admitted in the Emergency Department of Internal Medicine, Sestre milosrdnice University ...