Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules are characterized by an increased proliferation and function, which is predominantly caused by constitutively activating TSH receptor mutations leading to an activation of cAMP. In contrast to autonomously functioning thyroid nodules, cold thyroid nodules are functionally inactive and less differentiated. Their molecular cause is still unknown. To furthe...

Automatic detection of lung nodules is an important problem in computer analysis of chest radiographs. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for isolating lung abnormalities (nodules) from spiral chest low-dose CT (LDCT) scans. The proposed algorithm consists of three main steps. The first step isolates the lung nodules, arteries, veins, bronchi, and bronchioles from the surrounding anato...

Nodulation ability was tested for Frankia strains HFPCcI3 and EL1, and Frankia sources A.t. and G.a. from Allocasaurina torulosa and Gymnostoma australianum, respectively, on A. torulosa Miq., Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq., G. australianum L. Johnson and Elaeagnus triflora Roxb. It was shown that A. torulosa and C. cunninghamiana formed nodules only with the Frankia sources obtained from their ...

Conventional ultrasound cannot satisfactorily distinguish malignant and benign thyroid nodules. Shear-wave elastography (SWE) can evaluate tissue stiffness and complement conventional ultrasound in diagnosing malignant nodules. However, calcification of nodules may affect the results of SWE. The purposes of this study are to compare the differences of shear-wave speed (SWS) measurement among di...

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a relatively new procedure for treating benign thyroid nodules. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RFA for treating benign thyroid nodules so as to serve as a reference for future clinical practice. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients receiving percutaneous RFA for treating thyr...

Dear Sir, Dupuytren nodules form early in the course of the disease and usually precede the development of joint contracture. These nodules can present with or without pain and can be multiple in numbers (Fig. 1). Currently, although nodules may be symptomatic with pain, no specific intervention is recommended. Treatment is generally delayed until joint contracture develops. There are numerous ...

During 1951 and 1952 various leguminous plants from the grounds, gardens, and greenhouses of Vassar College were collected and examined for the presence of root nodules. On the day of collection nodules were plated with medium # 79 (Fred and Waksman, 1928). Nodules from soybeans, clover, peas, beans, alfalfa, lespedeza, hairy vetch and birdsfoot trefoil contained viable rhizobia. On the same da...

The presence of subcutaneous nodules in rheumatic fever is of serious prognostic significance because, as they are pathologically similar to the Aschoff bodies found in the heart, they generally indicate severe cardiac damage and active infection. As a rule nodules appear after the onset of the rheumatic heart lesion. There is, therefore, practically always cardiac involvement in cases where no...

The role of hepatic fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has evolved. Advances in imaging modalities have obviated the need for tissue confirmation in most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). There is risk of needle-tract seeding. Increasingly, small nodules are being detected on ultrasound surveillance of high-risk patients. Diagnostic challenges associated with cirrhosis include distinction of b...

PURPOSE Some authors have questioned the benefit of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules ≥ 4 cm. They report that the results of the FNA are not as reliable when compared to nodules <4 cm. The aims of this study are to evaluate the accuracy and predictive values of ultrasound-guided FNA (USFNA) of thyroid nodules ≥ 4 cm and compare these findings to nodules <4 cm. METHODS A retrosp...