Commonly, laser-induced plasma expansion is modeled by assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions for all plasma components. In the present work, we investigate the case of plasma containing electrons obeying a non-Maxwellian distribution. To this purpose, a twofluid model is considered with charge quasi-neutrality assumption. The deduced set of nonlinear differential equations is solv...

Currently available X-ray and extreme ultraviolet free electron laser (FEL) sources provide intense ultrashort photon pulses. Those sources open new exciting perspectives for experimental studies of ultrafast non-equilibrium processes at the nanoscale in condensed matter. Theoretical approaches and computer simulations are being developed to understand the complicated dynamical processes associ...

We show that coronal magnetic dissipation in thin active sheets that sandwich standard thin accretion disks in active galactic nuclei may account for canonical electron temperatures of a few ×10K if protons acquire most of the dissipated energy. Coulomb collisions transfer energy from the ions to the electrons, which subsequently cool rapidly by inverse-Compton scattering. In equilibrium, the p...

A theory of bunch lengthening and energy spread increasing in electron storage rings is established by introducing the concept of collective random excitations. Analytical formulae are established to calculate the equilibrium bunch length and the energy spread in the whole current range. Some experimental results are compared with those predicted by the theory and the comparison results are qui...

the binding, release and oxidation of oxygen occur at the heme group iron ion. hemoglobinoxidation-reduction studies have been previously performed using spectroelectrochemistry (sec) andhave provided insight into the hemoglobin electron transfer process and more specifically, into theheme group electronic factor and subunit interaction influences. in this study, the number of fullerenecarbon a...

abstract background: accurate methods of radiation therapy dose calculation. there are different monte carlo codesfor simulation of photons, electrons and the coupled transport of electrons and photons. mcnpis a general purpose monte carlo code that can be used for electron, photon and coupledphoton-electron transport.monte carlo simulation of radiation transport is considered to be one of the ...

Self-replication is a remarkable phenomenon in nature that has fascinated scientists for decades. In a self-replicating system, the original units are attracted to a template, which induce their binding. In equilibrium, the energy required to disassemble the newly assembled copy from the mother template is supplied by thermal energy. The possibility of optimizing self-replication was explored b...

I discuss an approach to derive from first principles, a real-time formalism to study the dynamical interplay of quantum and statistical-kinetic properties of non-equilibrium multi-parton systems produced in high-energy QCD processes. The ultimate goal (from which one is still far away) is to have a practically applicable description of the space-time evolution of a general initial system of gl...