Flowering time of plants must be tightly regulated to maximize reproductive success. Plants have evolved sophisticated signaling network to coordinate the timing of flowering in response to their ever-changing environmental conditions. Besides being a key immune signal, the lipid-derived plant hormone jasmonate (JA) also regulates a wide range of developmental processes including flowering time...

The circadian clock acts as the timekeeping mechanism in photoperiodism. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a circadian clock-controlled flowering pathway comprising the genes GIGANTEA (GI), CONSTANS (CO), and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) promotes flowering specifically under long days. Within this pathway, GI regulates circadian rhythms and flowering and acts earlier in the hierarchy than CO and FT, suggestin...

Signals produced in leaves are transported to the shoot apex where they cause flowering. Protein of the gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is probably a long day (LD) signal in Arabidopsis. In the companion paper, rapid LD increases in FT expression associated with flowering driven photosynthetically in red light were documented. In a far red (FR)-rich LD, along with FT there was a potential role for ...

Tolerance is the ability of plants to maintain fitness after experiencing herbivore damage. We investigated scarlet gilia tolerance to browsing in the framework of phenotypic plasticity using both an operational and candidate trait approach. Individuals from full-sib families were split into an artificial clipping treatment, a natural-damage treatment, or left as controls. We tested for genetic...

A cDNA for a novel plant protein was isolated from tomato. Nuclear Matrix Protein 1 (NMP1) is a ubiquitously expressed 36 kDa protein, which has no homologues in animals and fungi, but is highly conserved among flowering and non-flowering plants, including gymnosperms, moss, and the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. NMP1 is predominantly alpha-helical with multiple stretches of short amphipathic...

Steep environmental gradients provide ideal settings for studies of potentially adaptive phenotypic and genetic variation in plants. The accurate timing of flowering is crucial for reproductive success and is regulated by several pathways, including the vernalization pathway. Among the numerous genes known to enable flowering in response to vernalization, the most prominent is FLOWERING LOCUS C...

a pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, to study the effect of zinc sulphate (znso4) and ascorbic acid(as) foliar application application 20 and 40 ppm was compared to the control (distillated water) on flowering gazania (gazania rigens l. daybreak red stripe).results were analyzed by spss software and duncan test. results showed that znso4 and as had positive effect o...

parasitoids of the genus, trichogramma are the most widely used natural enemies for biological control of pests worldwide. the presence of flowering plants can improve efficiency of biological control agents by supplying sugar resource for parasitoids. in this study, two experiments were performed under laboratory condition (at 25±1ºc, 60±10% rh and a photoperiod 16l:8d), to evaluate the effect...

Steep environmental gradients provide ideal settings for studies of potentially adaptive phenotypic and genetic variation in plants. The accurate timing of flowering is crucial for reproductive success and is regulated by several pathways, including the vernalization pathway. Among the numerous genes known to enable flowering in response to vernalization, the most prominent is FLOWERING LOCUS C...