After living cells are exposed to ionizing radiation, a variety of chemical modifications of DNA are induced either directly by ionization of DNA or indirectly through interactions with water-derived radicals. The DNA lesions include single strand breaks (SSB), base lesions, sugar damage, and apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (AP sites). Clustered DNA damage, which is defined as two or more of such l...

Clinical observations and theoretical considerations suggest some degree of radiosensitivity in Fanconi's anemia (FA), but experimental evidence remains controversial. We tested the sensitivity of primary skin fibroblast cultures from all known FA complementation groups to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light using conventional cell growth and colony formation assays. In contrast to previou...

Both exposure to ionizing radiation and obesity have been associated with various pathologies including cancer. There is a crucial need in better understanding the interactions between ionizing radiation effects (especially at low doses) and other risk factors, such as obesity. In order to evaluate radiation responses in obese animals, C3H and C57BL/6J mice fed a control normal fat or a high fa...

Ionizing radiation has different biological effects according to dose and dose rate. In particular, the biological effect of low-dose radiation is unclear. Low-dose whole-body gamma irradiation activates immune responses in several ways. However, the effects and mechanism of low-dose radiation on allergic responses remain poorly understood. Previously, we reported that low-dose ionizing radiati...

Health risks of low doses of ionizing radiation (10 cGy or less) may not be accurately estimated in humans by epidemiological study or mathematical modelling because of several inherent confounding factors including environmental, dietary and biological variables that cannot be accounted for in any radio-epidemiological study. In addition, the expression of radiation-induced damage in humans no...

BACKGROUND Medical workers can be exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation from various sources. The potential cancer risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure have been derived from cohort studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors who had experienced acute, high-level exposure. Since such extrapolations are subject to uncertainty, direct information is needed on the risk associated with ...

Radiation is a beam of energy that comes from particles or photons. Based on the ability to ionize matter, radiation can be grouped into non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. Ionizing matter through which it passes. has proven useful in medicine. However, exposure potential cause negative effects for health heredity (genetic). also cannot observed directly so nuclear detector needed as monitorin...

AIM The aim of this study is to present a literature review on the effects of the ionizing radiation from radiotherapy treatment on dental tissues. BACKGROUND Among the effects of increasing global life expectancy and longevity of the teeth in the oral cavity, increasing rates of neoplastic diseases have been observed. One of the important treatment modalities for head and neck neoplastic dis...

Ionizing radiation is known to induce numerous effects in cells including cell cycle delay, DNA damage, altered gene expression and cell death. Although there are serious impacts on the organisms, the effects on prenatal development are largely unknown. Data regarding potential biological effects on the prenatal development after in utero radiation exposure predominantly stem from atomic bomb s...

background: all aerobically growing organisms suffer from exposure to oxidative stress, caused by partially reduced forms of molecular oxygen, known as reactive oxygen species (ros). these are highly reactive and capable of damaging cellular constituents such as dna, lipids and proteins. consequently, cells from many different organisms have evolved mechanisms to protect their components agains...