Stone-type duality theorems, which relate algebraic and relational/topological models, are important tools in logic because — in addition to elegant abstraction — they strengthen soundness and completeness to a categorical equivalence, yielding a framework through which both algebraic and topological methods can be brought to bear on a logic. We give a systematic treatment of Stone-type duality...

Vulnerability of water resources to nutrients led to progressively stricter standards for wastewater effluents. Modification of the conventional procedures to meet the new standards is inevitable. New technologies should give a priority to nitrogen removal. In this paper, ammonium chloride and urine as nitrogen sources were used to investigate the capacity of a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC)...

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic organisms and are the only prokaryotes known to have a circadian lifestyle. Unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria such as Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 produce oxygen and can also fix atmospheric nitrogen, a process exquisitely sensitive to oxygen. To accommodate such antagonistic processes, the intracellular environment of Cyanothece oscillates between aerobic and...

Cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe were grown in minimal medium with different nitrogen sources under steady-state conditions, with doubling times ranging from 2.5 to 14 hours. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy confirmed earlier findings that at rapid growth rates, the G1 phase was short and cell separation occurred at the end of S phase. For some nitrogen sources, the growth rate was ...

An estimate of the extent of conversion of plant nitrogen to microbial nitrogen in the rumen of sheep fed on wheaten hay was reported in an earlier communication (Gray & Pilgrim, 1953). The basis of separation of plant from microbial material was simply the filtration of the rumen contents through muslin with subsequent limited washing of the fibrous plant residues to free them from the remaini...

Dual-reflux pressure swing adsorption (DR-PSA) is a state-of-art technology claiming to achieve both high product purity and recovery. However, its performance inevitably limited by the gas mixing problem at feed inlet position in columns, where discontinuity columns' axial concentration profiles disturbs separation. Here, we developed dynamic-feed DR-PSA (DF-DR-PSA) process solve obtain better...