This paper presents a Scenario-Based Adaptive Service Framework, where we can provide more adaptive service scenarios among highly correlated business applications. Individual services are seamlessly integrated into a framework by registering scripts, written in XML infrastructure language, called the XLogic, to the middleware platform, the XCREAM (XLogic Collaborative RFID/USN-enabled Adaptive...

We investigated the possibility that pattern segmentation skills, specifically, phonological decoding, evolve implicitly in adult readers given training in an artificial script. In this Morse-like script each phoneme was represented by 2-3 discrete symbols. Subjects were trained in five consecutive sessions, on reading six nonsense words using a forced choice task that required translating symb...

Typeface technology has become quite complex over the years. There have been several attempts to use Arabic calligraphic styles in computer typography. These proved to be useful, but they had their shortcomings and drawbacks. Computational time cost and lack of Arabic script documentation were the most crucial issues with that work. In a few studies, the accuracy of results obtained also was an...

There are errors in S1 Text and S2 Text that affect the code script. The corrected S1 Text fixes an error in creating Fig. 9. The corrected S2 Text fixes an error that masked the location of a needed function. Please find the corrected files here. S1 Text. PlosOneMRDSAnalysis.txt. A R script file that will replicate the results found in this manuscript. (TXT) S2 Text. Two.Piece.Normal.txt. A R ...

We examined how letter position coding is achieved in a script (Arabic) in which the different letter forms (i.e., allographs) may vary depending on their position within the letter string (e.g., compare the same-ligation pair [see text] and [see text] vs. the different-ligation pair [see text] and [see text]. To that end, we conducted an experiment in Uyghur, an agglutinative language from the...

As Chinese is written without orthographical word boundaries (i.e., spaces), it is unclear whether saccade targets are selected on the basis of characters or words and whether saccades are aimed at the beginning or the centre of words. Here, we report an experiment where 30 Chinese readers read 150 sentences while their eye movements were monitored. They exhibited a strong tendency to fixate at...

Research on written language comprehension has generally assumed that the phonological properties of a word have little effect on sentence comprehension beyond the processes of word recognition. Two experiments investigated this assumption. Participants silently read relative clauses in which two pairs of words either did or did not have a high degree of phonological overlap. Participants were ...

Written language represents a special category of visual information. There is strong evidence for the existence of a cortical region in ventral occipitotemporal cortex for processing the visual form of written words. However, due to inconsistent findings obtained with different tasks, the level of specialization and selectivity of this so called visual word form area (VWFA) remains debated. In...

In neuroimaging studies of word reading in natural scripts, the effect of alphabeticality is often confounded with the effect of practice. We used an artificial script to separately manipulate the effects of practice and alphabeticality following training with and without explicit letter instructions. Participants received multi-session training in reading nonsense words, written in an artifici...