Background and Aim: Blood samples are used for the diagnosis of many diseases. Serum ferritin level is known to be a marker of anemia and iron overload disorders. However, blood collection is an invasive method. Saliva, as a bio-fluid, contains a va-riety of important components that are successfully used for assessment of body health. The use of saliva samples for ferritin evaluation can be re...

Background Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) provides superior assessment of right ventricle (RV) function and assessment of multiple physiologic parameters with high interand intraobserver reproducibility thus providing a noninvasive assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by evaluating RV physiologic parameters. CMR also provides a unique noninvasive assessment of myocardial fibros...

Noninvasive brain stimulation is now an accepted technique that is used as a diagnostic aid and in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders in adults, and is being increasingly used in children. In this review, we will discuss the basic principles and safety of one noninvasive brain stimulation method, transcranial magnetic stimulation. Improvements in the spatial accuracy of transcranial ma...

Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) has become an important noninvasive imaging modality in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). CCTA enables accurate evaluation of coronary artery stenosis. However, CCTA provides limited information on the physiological significance of stenotic lesions. A noninvasive "one-stop-shop" diagnostic test that can provide both anatomical significance and functi...

In patients with medically refractory heart failure or cardiogenic shock, both temporary and durable mechanical circulatory support devices can be used to cardiac circulation. Both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) transesophageal (TEE) are widely available, relatively noninvasive, avoid radiation exposure. Thus, is an invaluable tool that provides vital information aiding in preprocedure ev...

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