Objective Despite numerous reports on the effects of meal frequency on biochemical parameters such as plasma lipid profile, glucose and insulin, there is almost no study to investigate the influence of meal frequency on immune system. In the present article, for the first time, the effect of meal frequency on complement components C3 and C4, as key components of the complement system, has been...

A 35-year-old man presented with 4-month history of cough, chest pain, and shortness of breath. There was no history of fever, hemoptysis, night sweats, weight loss, environmental/drug exposure, or foreign travel. He was a nonsmoker with no previous medical illness. Chest radiographic findings were reported as normal. He was treated with two courses of antibiotics and a cough suppressant. Over ...

A 48-year-old nonsmoker female with no significant past medical history is admitted to the hospital with lower abdominal pain, fatigue, yellow vaginal discharge and unintentionally weight loss. On physical examination there was a palpable mass extending from supra-pubic to supra-umbilical area and significant foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Computerized tomography of Pelvis revealed a mass lik...

A mass was detected in the middle lobe of the right lung of a 58-year-old female. The patient did not present any symptoms and was a nonsmoker. Diagnostic evaluation revealed squamous metaplasia in the middle lobe of the right lung. During surgery, a tumor was identified, which was diagnosed as a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC). LELCs have been mainly reported in the Asian population an...

A 73-year-old woman presented to our institution with an abnormal shadow on chest radiography. The patient was a nonsmoker and enjoyed good past health. There were no constitutional symptoms. She was completely asymptomatic during exercise and at rest. An ECG (Figure 1) showed normal sinus rhythm. A posteroanterior view of the chest radiograph (Figure 2) showed a well-circumscribed roundish mas...

Lung cancer associated with neurofibromatosis type I is considered very rare, and only a few case reports have been described in the literature. There is some evidence that a genetic linkage between neurofibromatosis and carcinogenesis in the lung may exist. We present a 42-year-old female, lifetime nonsmoker with a known history of neurofibromatosis type I, free of respiratory symptoms, who un...

components to the air that are qualitatively similar to the smoke taken into smokers’ lungs. The levels of these constituents to which nonsmokers are exposed are much lower levels to which smokers are exposed, and the levels vary depending on the amount of smoking around the nonsmoker, the architecture and ventilation of the structure, other aspects of air quality (e.g., humidity), and chemical...

The performance of a colorimetric assay for nicotine metabolites to validate self-reported smoking classification (nonsmoker, ex-smoker, and smoker) was assessed in a group of diabetic patients (n = 201). Comparison of the results with those of cotinine immunoassay (ELISA), by comparing respective areas under receiver operating characteristic curves, established the superiority of the cotinine ...