The majority of patients undergoing hemodialysis have anemia due to decreased production of erythropoietin. This condition is referred to as renal anemia, and is a type of normocytic and normochromic anemia. Renal anemia contributes to a worsening of quality of life (QOL) and has a poor prognosis for survival. Clinical use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) has markedly improved the QO...

A 20-year-old man arrived at the emergency department with a 1-day history of melena and one episode of lipothymia. He had nomedical history andwas not taking any medication. Significant findings on physical examination included an arterial blood pressure of 90/40mmHg, paleness of his mucosae and skin, and melena on rectal digital examination. Laboratory analysis revealed normocytic normochromi...

(CHEST 1999; 116:248–251) A 35-year-old white Belgian man with an uneventful medical history was referred from Port Said, Egypt, for fever of unknown origin. As a civil engineer, he was working on a tunnel project with 50% of his day spent underground in caissons. About 6 months before referral, he developed a sore throat, hoarseness, nasal congestion, cough, and slightly enlarged submandibular...

A 22-year-old woman with no personal history came to the hospital due to fever and cervical lateral adenopathy which started 15 days prior. Laboratory tests show leukopenia 2800 per mm3 (with no lymphopenia), normocytic, normochromic anemia (hemoglobin 11 g/dl, hematocrit 34%, mean corpuscular volume 85.9, mean corpuscular hemoglobin 28.6 pg) and ESR 85 mm/h. The blood chemistry and urine sedim...

Case Report This 2 year old girl was well until she awoke from a nap with left sided weakness. She was alert and aware of her deficit. Speech was not impaired. She was seen that afternoon by her pediatrician, but the hemiparesis (which lasted 15 minutes) had remitted by the time of examination. On the next day, she had a second 15 minute episode of left hemiparesis again following a nap. On the...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can be complicated by a variety of cutaneous manifestations. Cutaneous manifestations, such as neuropathic foot ulcers are universally known and have predilection for the lower extremity. However, in the maxillofacial region diabetic lesion is not yet reported in the literature. It is because of enormous blood supply to the region. We present a case of 77-year-old female ...

A 10 year old male child presented with a history of fever, swollen and tender bilateral elbow and interphlangeal joints for 2 days (Figure 1a and b) and intermittent fever and joint pain for the past 2 months. General and systemic physical examination revealed pallor and cervical and epitrochlear lymphadenopathy, mild hepatosplenomegaly and diffuse erythema over his face (Figure 1b). The relev...

which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A 41-year-old man who was a permanent resident of Uttarakhand, a north Himalayan and sub-Himalayan state of India, presented with bilateral pedal edema and backache. He had no history of fever, hepatosplenomegaly, or lymphadenopathy and was clinically suspec...

A hundred and fifty samples of fish rations were collected and subjected to mycological examination. The total prevalence of Aspergillus flavus was 66.67%. Fifteen isolates among them were aflatoxinB1 producers. AFB1 was extracted and tested for pathogencity. AFB1 intoxicated fish showed off feed, sluggish swimming, dark skin, loss of reflexes, increased mucus secretion, loss of scales and asci...