Introduction: A variety of genetic predisposing factors and environmental factors are known to influence the pathogenesis of type-1 diabetes (T1D). This study intended to investigate the association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2RA) gene polymorphisms with type 1 diabetes in children of northwest of Iran. Methods: Genomic DNA...

BACKGROUND Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a simple, high-resolution technique to quantify the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macula volume, which provide an indirect measurement of axonal damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to evaluate OCT finding in relapsing-remitting MS patients of the northwest of Iran and compare them with a normal control group. ...

We read with interest an editorial article recently published by Dr. Anna Rajab and Dr. Mohsen ElHazmi on the genetic services provided by Gulf countries.1 They have presented a summary report on the prevalence and trends, and possible influencing factors of genetic disorders and congenital anomalies in the region compared to some western countries. They have reported the essential structure of...

This study examines the distribution of water resources in Protected Areas Iran and their priority for conservation. The results show that most are located north northwest due to favorable climatic conditions, topography, ambient temperature, annual rainfall levels. Conversely, lowest amount center southeast country. Water were prioritized based on expert ratings indicators determine value wetl...

Abstract. The Zagros orogenic system resulted due to collision of the Arabian plate with Eurasian plate. region is characterized by ocean–continent subduction and continent–continent collision, convergence velocity shows variations from east west. Therefore, this complex tectonic stress a wide range diffuse or localized deformation between both plates. in situ GPS data are very limited sparsely...

the severe epidemics of fusarium head blight (fhb) as a devastating disease of cereal crops has occurred on wheat in north and northwest iran in recent years. the in vitro production of deoxynivalenol (don) was qualitatively evaluated in 41 fusarium isolates collected from wheat heads associated with the scab disease, in moghan area/northwest iran. infected wheat heads were collected during 200...

Climate plays a key role in ecosystem services. Understanding microclimate change can be significant help making the right decision for ecosystems and buffering effects of global warming. Given large distances between meteorological stations changes climate variables within short distances, such variations cannot detected just by using observed data. This study aimed at determining spatial stru...

In the beginning of 2nd millennium BC, tradition burial mounds defined as kurgan tombs emerged on frontiers Transcaucasia and Northwest Iran, known plateaus Eastern Anatolia Region. Contrary to emergence these tombs, most settlements in region vanished. Political motivations may be reason for such a change, or claimed, people have left plains started animal husbandry due climate instabilities. ...

The appearance of Square in Northwest Iran, as a traditional element of the city, did not have a certain definition in the urban planning due to its structural disruption in the spatial fabric as well as its chaotic present in the manifestation of its identity. On the other hand, since the concept of the square in this area does not match to the similar models existing in the central plateau of...