Recognition of the role of hepatic drug transporters in elimination of xenobiotics continues to grow. Hepatic uptake transporters, such as hepatic isoforms of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide (Oatp) family as well as the bile acid transporter Na-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Ntcp) have been studied extensively both at the mRNA and protein expression levels in adults. Howeve...

Intestinal and hepatic bile acid transporters are important for enterohepatic bile acid circulation and pharmacokinetics. Based on previous literature, we hypothesized that the expression of bile acid transporters and intestinal bile acid absorption are lower in older individuals. Here, we measured active taurocholate absorption across the ileum of male C57BL/6 mice in two different age cohorts...

Following efforts from leading centres for climate forecasting, sustained routine operational near-term predictions (NTCP) are now produced that bridge the gap between seasonal forecasts and change projections offering prospect of seamless services. Though NTCP is a new area science active research taking place to increase understanding processes mechanisms required produce skillful predictions...

BEYOND THE DVH --SPATIAL AND BIOLOGICAL RADIOTHERAPY TREATMENT PLANNING by BO ZHAO August 2010 Advisor: Dr. Jay Burmeister Co-Advisor: Dr. Michael C. Joiner Major: Medical Physics Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Purpose: Both spatial and biological information are necessary in order to perform true optimization of a treatment plan and for predicting clinical outcome. The goal of this work is to de...

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study is to quantify the potential benefits a flattening filter‐free (FFF) beam and implement dose‐computation algorithm for cervical radiotherapy through dosimetric radiobiological analyses using RapidArc. Methods Thirty‐three patients were enrolled, four RapidArc plans created each patient dual‐arc filter 6‐MV FFF photon beams two calculation algorithms. Homog...

The comparison between intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and volume-modulated arc (VMAT) plans, based on models of normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP), can support the choice radiation modality. IMPT irradiation plans for 50 patients with head neck tumours originally treated photon have been robustly optimised against density setup uncertainties. dose distribution has calcul...

Radiotherapy treatment plan evaluation relies on an implicit estimation of the tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) arising from a given dose distribution. A potential application of radiobiological modeling to radiotherapy is the ranking of treatment plans via a more explicit determination of TCP and NTCP values. Although the limited predictive capa...

BACKGROUND Cure rate of early Hodgkin Lymphoma are high and avoidance of late toxicities is of paramount importance. This comparative study aims to assess the normal tissue sparing capability of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) versus standard three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in terms of dose-volume parameters and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for di...

INTRODUCTION Presently used radiochemotherapy regimens result in moderate local control rates for patients with advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Dose escalation (DE) may be an option to improve patient outcome, but may also increase the risk of toxicities in healthy tissue. The presented treatment planning study evaluated the feasibility of two DE levels for advanced HNSC...

Contrast-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging with the liverspecific agent gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) has been shown to improve the detection rate of focal lesions. There is evidence from preclinical studies that multidrug organic anion transporters are involved in hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA. Therefore, we evaluated affinity of the contrast agen...