Cells within the ventral medulla whose axons descend to the spinal dorsal horn via the dorsolateral funiculus (DLF) play an important role in pain modulation. Previous evidence suggests that this pathway is primarily serotonergic. We have examined this hypothesis directly using combined retrograde horseradish peroxidase/serotonin immunohistochemical staining. Cells of the ventral medulla contri...

Pain is an unpleasant experience which results from both physical and psychological responses to injury. A complex set of pathways transmits pain messages from the periphery to the central nervous system, where control occurs from higher centres. Primary afferent pain fibres synapse with second-order neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Ascending spinothalamic and spinoreticular tract...

It has been reported that neurons in the VL PAG projecting to nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) utilize excitatory amino acids as neurotransmitter. This projection plays an important role in the descending pain modulatory system. In order to determine the role of this pathway in pain perception, male rats received unilateral injection of ibotenic acid stereotaxically. For lesioning VL PAG, unilateral ...

Stimulation of the raphe pallidus nucleus produces facilitatory effects on respiratory activity. Numerous serotonergic projections from the raphe pallidus have been shown to terminate in the phrenic nucleus. This study was undertaken to examine the role of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT(1A)) receptors in the phrenic nucleus on the excitatory response of the phrenic nerve activity elicited from th...

Freddy G. del Pozo, Simone Fabiano, Raphael Pfattner, Stamatis Georgakopoulos, Sergi Galindo, Xianjie Liu, Slawomir Braun, Mats Fahlman, Jaume Veciana, Concepcio Rovira, Xavier Crispin, Magnus Berggren and Marta Mas-Torrent, Single Crystal-Like Performance in Solution-Coated Thin-Film Organic Field-Effect Transistors, 2016, Advanced Functional Materials, (26), 14, 2379-2386. http://dx.doi.org/1...

Marléne Isaksson1, Annica Inerot2, Carola Lidén3,4, Magnus Lindberg5, Mihaly Matura3,4, Halvor Möller1, Berndt Stenberg6 and Magnus Bruze1 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden, 2Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden, 3 Institute of Environmental Medicine, ...

Companies’ realized earnings depend on overall economic conditions. Market participants should therfore adjust their earnings expectations to surprising macroeconomic news. However, despite its importance for asset pricing models, thus far, empirical research was not able to provide clear-cut evidence of a link between earnings expectations and economic news. Based on a detailed analysis of the...

We have studied the distribution of neurokinin A-like immunoreactive cell bodies and fibers in the cat brainstem. The densest clusters of perikarya containing the peptide were observed in the periaqueductal gray, inferior colliculus, postpyramidal nucleus of the raphe, medial nucleus of the solitary tract and in the lateral reticular nucleus. By contrast, the interpeduncular nucleus, magnocellu...