background : treatment procedures are the most common sources of pain in children. children with chronic diseases such as thalassemia experience many pains during painful procedures including at times of diagnosis, treatment and control of their disease. several methods have been reported to reduce pain. clinical professionals usually use distraction techniques to reduce pain. however, there is...

INTRODUCTION Patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) specific for genital psoriasis (GenPs) have not been described. METHODS In this cross-sectional, qualitative study in patients with moderate-to-severe GenPs, we sought to develop a PRO useful for GenPs symptom assessment. A literature review was performed to identify relevant psoriasis or GenPs symptoms and existing PROs that may be useful...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of acupuncture in patients with dysmenorrhea. STUDY DESIGN In a randomized controlled trial plus non-randomized cohort, patients with dysmenorrhea were randomized to acupuncture (15 sessions over three months) or to a control group (no acupuncture). Patients who declined randomization received acupuncture treatment. Al...

BACKGROUND Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been used to reduce pain in patients with various musculoskeletal diseases and wounds. We investigated the effect of ESWT on scar pain after complete wound epithelialization in burn patients. METHODS A prospective, single-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted from February 2014 to 2015. Forty patients with burn scar pain despite ...

BACKGROUND Propofol is one of common anesthetic drugs used in anesthesia. The most common side effects of propofol are local pain. Pretreatment with lidocaine can reduce propofol injection pain. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the efficiency of lidocaine 0.4% and 2% in reducing the incidence and severity of propofol injection pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS This...

CONTEXT Neostigmine extends the duration of analgesia produced by caudal bupivacaine in children. AIMS To study the effect of different doses of caudal neostigmine on the duration of postoperative analgesia. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A randomized, double-blind study was conducted in 120 boys aged 1-12 years undergoing urethroplasty under combined general and caudal anesthesia. MATERIALS AND MET...

Since glycinergic neurotransmission plays an important inhibitory role in the processing of sensory and motor information, intrathecal glycine (ITG) administration may be a potential therapy for both pain and movement disorders in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Aims of the current study, which is the first report on ITG in humans, were to evaluate its safety and efficacy. ...

RATIONALE The benefits of providing manual therapy and exercise targeting the hips in individuals with mechanical low-back pain (LBP) are not well established. OBJECTIVES The objective in this study is to determine whether a formal prescriptive treatment protocol for the hips improves outcomes in patients with a primary complaint of mechanical LBP. METHODS Eighty-four (84) subjects (50 male...

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to determine whether subhypnotic doses of propofol have analgesic or sedative effects. Of 48 subjects randomly assigned to 1 of 4 bolus-infusion treatment groups, group 1 (n = 16) received propofol at 16 micrograms/kg per minute; group 2 (n = 16) received propofol at 32 micrograms/kg per minute; and group 3 (n = 8) received 10% intralipi...

BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) during pregnancy might be strongly related to posture and movements of the body, and its management is a clinically important issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activities related to LBP during pregnancy. METHODS Participants included 275 women before 12 weeks of pregnancy. The women were evaluated at 12, 24, 30, and 36 weeks of pregnancy. T...