For the development of novel hepatoprotective agents, C2, C3, C23 and C28 functional groups on asiatic acid were modified, and the prepared compounds were evaluated for their hepatoprotective effects. Among the prepared compounds, 9, 13 and 16 showed significant hepatoprotective activities against CCl4and galactosamine (GaIN)-induced hepatotoxicity. Especially, compound 9 showed the most signif...

Cross sectional estimation of convergence regressions is known to be hazardous if there is convergence towards heterogeneous steady state values. In this paper, Monte Carlo methods are used to investigate the implications of this parameter heterogeneity problem. The cross sectional and pooled OLS estimators are compared with a panel estimator which is unaffected by heterogeneity. If there is he...

We consider a number of unit root tests for micro panels where the number of individuals is typically large, but the number of time periods is often very small. As we discuss, the presence of a unit root is closely related to the identification of parameters of interest in this context. Calculations of asymptotic local power and Monte Carlo evidence indicate that two simple t-tests based on ord...

Self-Employment Dynamics, State Dependence and Cross-Mobility Patterns This paper analyzes the mobility between self-employment, wage employment and nonemployment. Using data for men in West Germany, we find strong true state dependence in all three states. Moreover, compared to wage employment, non-employment increases the probability of self-employment significantly, and self-employment goes ...

We study the effect of political ideology on sustainable development, measured as investment in genuine wealth, in a dynamic panel of 79 countries between 1981 and 2013. We find that a switch from a left-wing or centrist government to a right-wing government has a robust positive and statistically significant effect on investment in genuine wealth. We find no evidence of opportunistic cycles in...

This paper empirically investigates the impact of macroeconomic uncertainty on the spreads of credit default swaps (CDS). While existing literature acknowledges the importance of the levels of macroeconomic factors in determining CDS spreads, we show that the second moments of these factors—macroeconomic uncertainty—predict CDS spreads even in the presence of traditional macroeconomic factors s...

We study a simple savings scheme that allows workers to defer receipt of part their wages for three months at zero interest. The significantly increases during the deferral period, leading higher postdisbursement spending on lumpy goods. Two years later, after two additional rounds scheme, we find treated have made permanent improvements homes. popularity implies lack good alternative options. ...

Factor market failures can limit adoption of profitable technologies. We leverage a plot-level spatial regression discontinuity design in the context irrigation use by farmers provided free access to water. Using boosts profits 43–62 percent. Yet, only irrigate 30 percent plots because labor costs. demonstrate inefficient use, showing irrigating one plot reduce their on other plots. This ineffi...

By a combination of protein chemistry and recombinant DNA methods a glycine-rich region was found to be located near the carboxyl terminus of the nucleolar specific phosphoprotein, nucleolin, from Novikoff hepatoma (protein C23) and Chinese hamster ovary cells (100-kDa nucleolar protein). A sequence of 192 amino acid residues was derived from partial sequences of cyanogen bromide and N-bromosuc...