1 Different Ways of Representing T • The speed of sound, a, is formally defined as (∂p/∂ρ) s. It is a function of that thermodynamic state variables of the gas. The stagnation enthalphy of a steady flow streamtube is defined by " h • ≡ h + 1 2 u 2. (1) It depends not only of the thermodynamic state of the gas, but also on the magnitude of the flow velocity u. Using the perfect gas approximation...

We utilize a recently developed microfluidic device, the Optimized Shape Cross-slot Extensional Rheometer (OSCER), to study the elongational flow behavior and rheological properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) solutions representative of the synovial fluid (SF) found in the knee joint. The OSCER geometry is a stagnation point device that imposes a planar extensional flow with a homogenous extension...

The classical Helmholtz problem is applied for modelling the axisymmetric inviscid cusp-ended separated flow around a sphere. Two coordinate systems are employed: polar for initial calculations and parabolic the latter being more suitable for investigation of infinitely long stagnation zones. Scaled coordinates are introduced and difference schemes for the free-stream equation and the Bernoulli...

AIMS Stagnation is widely believed to predispose water systems to colonization by Legionella. A model plumbing system was constructed to determine the effect of flow regimes on the presence of Legionella within microbial biofilms. METHODS AND RESULTS The plumbing model contained three parallel pipes where turbulent, laminar and stagnant flow regimes were established. Four sets of experiments ...

I show that the self-consistent solution of the problem of MHD plasma flow in the magnetosphere of an oblique rotator with an initially split-monopole magnetic field is reduced to the solution of a similar problem for the axisymmetric rotator. All properties of the MHD cold plasma flows from the axisymmetric rotators with the initial split-monopole magnetic field are valid for the oblique rotat...

Tailor-designed alternating current electroosmotic (AC-EO) stagnation flows are used to convect bioparticles globally from a bulk solution to localized dielectrophoretic (DEP) traps that are aligned at the flow stagnation points. The multiscale trap, with a typical trapping time of seconds for a dilute 70 microL volume of 10(3) particles per cc sample, is several orders of magnitude faster than...

An oblique flow pump is widely used in farmland irrigation and drainage, water transfer projects, thermal power generation, other fields. However, unstable factors the easily lead to vibration noise. To improve stability of operation optimize operating environment, it necessary study flow-induced noise characteristics pumps. In this paper, CFD simulation software are calculate field sound pump....

Fig. 3. Plus signs: smooth flows (ii); squares: upstream moving shocks (iii); diamonds: steady shocks (iii); circles: oblique waves (i). Solid stars: flows with three possible states for different configurations and paddle lengths. Indicative error bars. • Three multiple steady states in regions (i/iii/iv): Fig. 4. Multiple states: F0 = 3.07 & Bc = 0.7. Left to right: upstream steady shock (iii...

The stepped channel design have been used since more than 3,000 years. It is understood that low flows behave as successions of free-jets (i.e. nappe flow) while large discharges skim over the pseudo-bottom formed by the step edges. For a range of intermediate flow rates, a transition flow regime takes place. The dominant feature is stagnation on the horizontal step face associated with signifi...