BACKGROUND Tracheal hypoplasia is a congenital condition described in mainly brachycephalic breeds and is one component of the brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Two radiographic methods have been described to evaluate the dimensions of the tracheal diameter in dogs and to distinguish between hypoplastic and non-hypoplastic tracheas: the tracheal lumen diameter to thoracic inlet...

Received: Revised: Accepted: May 06, 2014 January 06, 2015 February 10, 2015 The aims of the present study were to investigate the antibody response of cows from an outbreak region to vaccination with a bivalent botulinum toxoid (Type C and D) on three occasions and to investigate the antibody response to vaccination with the botulinum toxoid in the presence of anti-BoNT antibodies. Twenty-two ...

This study aims to investigate macroinvertebrate assemblage structure and composition across the three major waterbody types (temporary rivers, depression wetlands and semi-permanent dams) of the Eastern Cape Karoo, and to identify important environmental and spatial correlates of macroinvertebrate assemblage composition in the region. A total of 33 waterbodies (9 dams, 13 depression wetlands a...

Eating follows patterns and occurs in context. We present a mobile data collection study to capture food consumption in everyday life, and study connections between eating behaviors and context (time, location, social context, related activities and physical activity). Our contributions are three-fold. First, we developed a cross-platform smartphone application to collect geo-localized food pho...

Among early adolescents (10-14 years), poor diet quality along with physical inactivity can contribute to an increased risk of obesity and associated biomarkers for chronic disease. Approximately one-third of United States (USA) children in this age group are overweight or obese. Therefore, attention to factors affecting dietary intake as one of the primary contributors to obesity is important....

The quality of data obtainable by questionnaire from residents of a common lodging house was explored by comparing the answers received by questioning such men on two or three occasions six months apart. Consistency between the answers obtained on different occasions was good for men who already knew the interviewer well as their medical officer but poor otherwise.

The authors have noticed that in the original version of this Article, there are several typographic errors. On three occasions in the Results section and four occasions in the Discussion, the compound Nb2Pd0.81S5 is mistakenly referred to as Nb2Pd0.81Se5. SUBJECT AREAS: SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES AND MATERIALS ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES AND MATERIALS ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC E...