Ð Broad shifts are occurring at a rapid pace in the structure of diet, physical activity patterns, and obesity patterns in urban areas in lower income countries. Examples from China and selected other countries along with pooled time-series and cross-sectional analysis of shifts in diet and occupation structure associated with urbanization are presented. Patterns of obesity from nationally repr...

BACKGROUND The common starting point of many studies scrutinizing the factors underlying health inequalities is that material, cultural-behavioural, and psycho-social factors affect the distribution of health systematically through income, education, occupation, wealth or similar indicators of socioeconomic structure. However, little is known regarding if and to what extent these factors can as...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of individual and household income with various health behaviours, before and after adjusting for educational attainment and occupational social class. DESIGN AND SETTING Data from 19 982 respondents to nationwide health behaviour surveys from 1993 to 1999 (response rate 70%) were linked with socioeconomic information from population registers. ME...

BACKGROUND An inverse relationship between better socioeconomic status (total household income, education or occupation) and stroke has been established in developed communities, but family size has generally not been considered in the use of socioeconomic status indices. We explored the utility of Family Average Income (FAI) as a single index of socioeconomic status to examine the association ...

The use of demographic variables has demonstrated mixed results as a basis for the description of environmentally conscious consumer behaviour. This paper empirically examines the consumption of petrol and electricity against income, education level, occupation status and age. The results from a nationally representative sample in Australia showed no support for the “typical” demographic profil...

AIM To investigate whether the effect of occupational grade on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) is mediated by income with different aspects of income taken into account. METHODS Data were used from three prospective population studies conducted in Copenhagen. A total of 16 665 employees, 43% women, aged 20-75 years, with an initial examination between 1974 and 1992 were followed up unt...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Low socioeconomic status is associated with increased incidence of stroke. This study investigated stroke incidence, recurrence, and case-fatality after stroke among middle-aged Swedish men and women and whether this association differs by gender or stroke subtype. METHODS A total of 69 625 (49% men) citizens, aged 40 to 65 years, living in the city of Malmö in 1990 wer...

BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costly healthcare problems worldwide. Disability from LBP is associated with maladaptive beliefs about the condition, and such beliefs can be influenced by public health interventions. While socioeconomic status (SES) has been identified as an important factor in health literacy and inequalities, not much is known about the associatio...