Orbital apex syndrome is a rare manifestation of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus. Herein we report on a case of orbital apex syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus. A 75 year-old male complained of vision loss, conjunctival hyperemia and proptosis on the left eye, was referred to our clinic. Visual acuity was 5/10 Snellen lines and he had conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, minimal nuclear c...

BACKGROUND HIV/AIDS is one of twenty first century's challenges to human being with protean manifestation affecting nearly all organs of our body. It is causing high morbidity and mortality especially in sub-Saharan Africa with numerous ocular complications and blindness. The purpose of this study was to determine the patterns of ocular manifestations of HIV/AIDS and their correlation with CD4+...

BACKGROUND Low temperature plasmas have been proposed in medicine as agents for tissue disinfection and have received increasing attention due to the frequency of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. This study explored whether atmospheric-pressure cold plasma (APCP) generated by a new portable device that ionizes a flow of helium gas can inactivate ocular pathogens without causing significant ...

Ocular disease caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 ranges in severity from a self-limiting blepharitis, conjunctivitis, or dendritic keratitis to a disciform stromal edema and necrotizing stromal keratitis that can cause blindness. Herpes keratitis and stromal disease are distinct, readily differentiable clinical entities that can be studied in animal models. In pure dendritic herpes keratit...

T wo different forms of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunizations are available. Children are vaccinated with Varivax to reduce the risk of primary infection with VZV, and Zostavax is given to reduce the risk of VZV reactivation in adults. In a large prospective trial of adults older than 60 years, vaccination with Zostavax was shown to decrease the incidence of herpes zoster by 51.3% as well ...

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency in sensory ganglion neurons is well documented, but the existence of extraneuronal corneal latency is less well defined. To investigate the possibility of extraneuronal latency during ocular HSV infection, corneal specimens from 18 patients with quiescent herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were obtained at the time of keratoplasty. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ...

BACKGROUND Although around 70% of HIV+ cases used to have ocular manifestations, the late reporting of cases often results in severe forms of ocular morbidity that would otherwise have been prevented. The objective of this study was to describe the ocular manifestations of HIV and AIDS-related patients who had been admitted to TM Jafferji Hospital, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. METHODS Proven case...

Introduction. HIV/AIDS is one of twenty first century's biggest global challenges to mankind with protean manifestations affecting all organs of our body, not even sparing the eyes. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of ocular manifestations of HIV/AIDS and their correlation with CD4-count in a rural area of India. Methods. A hospital based observational cross-sectional stud...

PURPOSE Bilateral herpetic keratitis is a rare infection of the cornea. Ocular herpes in atopic patients is more often bilateral, with more frequent recurrences. The authors report a case of bilateral herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis during the active phase studied by in vivo confocal microscopy. METHODS A 28-year-old man with 5 years history of unilateral HSV keratitis and atopic dermati...

AIMS To test the feasibility of gene transfer into hyaloid blood vessels and into preretinal neovascularisation in a rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), using different viral vectors. METHODS Newborn rats were exposed to alternating hypoxic and hyperoxic conditions in order to induce ocular neovascularisation (ROP rats). Adenovirus, herpes simplex, vaccinia, and retroviral (MuLV ba...