This work is a contribution to the development of flow sensors in the oil and gas industry. It presents a methodology to measure the flow rates into multiple-zone water-injection wells from fluid temperature profiles and estimate the measurement uncertainty. First, a method to iteratively calculate the zonal flow rates using the Ramey (exponential) model was described. Next, this model was line...

Earth is a water planet, but how much water exists on and in the Earth? Is the water limited to the Earth’s surface and limited depths of our planet (molecular water of the hydrosphere), or do deep reservoirs of hydrogen and oxygen really exist as proposed in recent works but not yet proven? Due to the importance of H2O for life and geological processes on the Earth, these questions are among t...

Abstract In the late stage of super high water cut development in Sazhong Development Zone, oilfield rules have changed, showing a significant increase production gas-oil ratio. To study factors and laws ratio change, laboratory research on oil/gas/water high-pressures physical properties, field test for single layer development, theoretical calculation modified oil-gas were carried out. The re...

The interaction between proteins and membranes has an important role in biological pro-cesses.We have calculated energies of interaction between Melittin and DMPC bilayer in differenttemperatures. We have used the CHARMM software for MD simulation under the canonical (N,V, E) ensemble at different temperatures. The computations have shown that water moleculeshave more penetration into the bilay...

Canola (Brassica napus L., Brassicaceae) research in Virginia began in the mid 1980s. A concerted and focused cooperative effort was initiated, with USDA-CSREES-National Canola Research Program funds, in 1993 by Virginia’s two Land Grant Universities: Virginia State University and Virginia Tech. A major goal of this effort, until recently, has been establishment of canola as a domestic source o...

background and objectives: application of garlic oil in food industry can be improved by encapsulation. there is no study about the formation of inclusion complex of garlic oil by beta-cyclodextrin. the aim of the present study is comparison of the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of free and encapsulated garlic oil with beta-cyclodextrin. materials and methods: antioxidant activity was...

The transition between 190 and 200 K in [Ni(H(2)O)(6)](NO(3))(2)·(15-crown-5)·H(2)O has been followed by determining the structure at 22 temperatures in the range 90-273 K. The structural change is a zone-boundary transition with a critical point at (½, 0, ½) in the Brillouin zone of the high-temperature phase; both phases have space-group symmetry P2(1) but the volume of the unit cell is halve...

The aim of this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of Pistachia khinjuk fruit oil and extra virgin olive oil. The Pistacia khinjuk fruit oil was extracted using n-hexane by cold maceration and Soxhlet method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using disk diffusion and micro broth dilution methods on food pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Listeria monoc...