Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet einen Überblick über zwei Metapherntheorien, die für linguistische Metaphernanalyse als wichtige Beschreibungsrahmen gelten. Zunächst wird der einflussreiche Ansatz von Lakoff und Johnson (1980), Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) mit ihren wichtigsten Grundannahmen dargestellt. Anschließend werden einige Kritikpunkte präsentiert, auf theoretischen methodischen Mäng...

Children encounter metaphor in all aspects of their daily lives, including the spoken and written discourse of school, and metaphor can be one of the routes through which socio-cultural norms are appropriated. The use of metaphor seems to be a basic human skill, which develops in interaction with developing world knowledge and linguistic skills. Both use of metaphor and the development of metap...

it seems that a great number of abstract religious concepts in islamic texts are realized, both conceptually and linguistically, through cognitive strategies like metaphor and metonymy. this article tries to study the concept of death in the holy qurۥān, and nahjul-balāgha, the main islamic texts, to see how this (relatively) abstract concept is conceptualized in mind? moreover, what component ...

The study of the metaphor is interdisciplinary and focuses mostly on three points in cognitive psychology: (a) the cognition of metaphoricity, (b) metaphor comprehension processes, and (c) the reason why one concept is represented by another concept as a metaphor. This article reviews the history of research on the metaphor from these three perspectives. Most recent studies support the followin...

despite the passage of 9 centuries of elaborative metaphor mentioning in persian rhetoric, the antecedents’ sayings already look repetitive and it is considered as one of metaphor tools in the most up-to-date points of view. criticizing the reports of experts and analyzing 13 different structures, a new research has been carried out in present essay. it finally ends with its aesthetic applicati...

There are three major issues which crop up in the discussion of metaphor among philosophers of language. They are: whether metaphor is cognitive, whether it is descriptive, and whether it is innovative. Those who deny that metaphor is cognitive are a group more often imagined than encountered, but if they existed they would consign the study of metaphor to affective stylistics, stressing the or...

This paper argues that the sorting of metaphorical expressions according to source domains can be verified through using the WordNet lexical knowledgebase and SUMO ontology. This study uses the examples from RECESSION and demonstrates that expressions such as ‘painful recession’ and ‘the exacerbated recovery’ are related to the decreasing physical state of organism (i.e., ECONOMY IS A DISEASE)....

Unlike the most common in modern studies – psychological, ethical, socio-cultural approaches to problem of suffering, this paper philosophical problematics ontological dimension suffering Buddhist philosophy is raised. Many scholars are inclined think that a more adequate translation for Sanskrit term duḥkha “unsatisfactoriness”. However, from material presented article follows rendering does n...

One of the elements in Persian poetry and sonnets (Ghazal) is penname, which in addition to marking poetry in the name of the poet, sometimes has an amphiboly to another means; but in the poetry of poets such as Hafez - which have a special and coherent intellectual system - in the form of a main metaphor or central metaphor, penname is involved in determining their intellectual system. In this...

Metaphor recognition presents a computational challenge, in part due to metaphoric deviation from literal thinking, and also because of a metaphor’s various linguistic expressions. This article forwards a new computational method, an integrated treatment of metaphor recognition from the computational perspective, which recent related studies have not entirely addressed. The authors differentiat...