In the last decade optical fibre tapers with micrometer diameter (often called microfibers) have been investigated for numerous applications ranging from sensing to wavelength convertors, telecom and optical manipulation. This paper reviews the various applications of microfibres. 1. Optical microfibres Although microfibers with diameters comparable to the wavelength have been manufactured for ...

In this paper, a fibre laser at 546 nm has been studied for a signal power of -30 dB. Er-doped ZBLAN fibre has been used by upconversion pumping of a 980 nm laser diode. Gain saturation effect has been investigated in detail. Laser performance has also been discussed. An efficiency of 35% has been calculated with a length of 5 mm fibre laser. Results show that Er-doped ZBLAN is a promising cand...

A novel intensity-modulated optical fibre displacement sensor with convex reflector technology is described. A common form of the intensity-modulated optical fibre sensor performs its measurement by making use of a pair of straight optical fibres with a plane reflector. The reflected optical signal intensity changes as a function of change in displacement. This paper describes an alternative se...

A new optical fibre feed-through for use in subsea in-well optical fibre sensing systems is reported. The new feed-through is compatible for use with standard subsea Christmas Tree penetrators and allows multiple re-mating of the feed-through over the lifetime of the device. The system has been extensively tested under in-well conditions and found to conform to the performance requirements. The...

The speed of light ( c ) in a vacuum is independent the choice frames to describe propagation, according theory relativity. We consider how characterised material, where different from that due finite dielectric constant. phase velocity material smaller than , such moving frame can be larger velocity, move faster material. Consequently, an unusual Doppler effect expected, and wavelength changes...

Optical microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) combine miniature optical components with precision fixtures, elastic suspensions, and microactuators, and allow complex functionality at low cost. However, the effect of the bounded nature of the beams propagating through the system on design is profound. The current paper reviews the fundamental consequences. Using a Gaussian beam formulation, mod...

Optical fibres have already played a huge part in ground based astronomical instrumentation, however, with the revolution in photonics currently taking place new fibre technologies and integrated optical devices are likely to have a profound impact on the way we manipulate light in the future. The Anglo Australian Observatory, along with partners at the Optical Fibre Technology Centre of the Un...

In the quest to miniaturise photonics, it is of paramount importance to control light at the nanoscale. We reveal the main physical mechanism responsible for operation of gap plasmon-based gradient metasurfaces, comprising a periodic arrangement of metal nanobricks, and suggest that two degrees of freedom in the nanobrick geometry allow one to independently control the reflection phases of orth...