The software development life cycle includes testing as a critical step. Oracle is necessary to determine if particular test case detects an error because the purpose of ensure that application adheres its specifications. This leads consumption time and cost may lead errors in which tester falls. research aims present proposed system based on automation using intelligent techniques. model was t...

A debugging oracle is a decisionmaker during a debugging process. Threemajor decisions during typical debugging sessions are on the identities, the locations, and the repairs of faults. A programmer usually acts as a debugging oracle. Our research objective is to help him in his decision-making process with a debugging oracle assistant. To enhance our understanding of both the debugging oracle ...

The polynomial time hierarchy of Meyer and Stockmeyer has several equivalent characterizations — in particular it can be defined either in terms of polynomial time oracle Turing machines [Sto76], or in terms of polynomial time alternating Turing machines where the number of alternations is finitely bounded [CKS81]. One of the most important open questions in the area is whether or not this hier...

In modern cryptography, the random oracle model is widely used as an imaginary framework in which the security of a cryptographic scheme is discussed. Since the random oracle is an imaginary object, even if the security of a cryptographic scheme is proved in the random oracle model, the random oracle has to be instantiated using a concrete cryptographic hash function such as the SHA hash functi...