BACKGROUND Sedation is a condition of reduced level of consciousness (LOC) for a patient that is created to decrease irritability, anxiety, and restlessness. OBJECTIVES In this study, we compared the sedative effect of oral administration of ketamine, midazolam, and atropine cocktail with diphenhydramine in the referent children to the emergency department. PATIENTS AND METHODS Based on the...

An acute allergic reaction in a 5-year-old healthy male, after receiving midazolam by intranasal atomizer for sedation purposes in the dental clinic, was reported. Shortly after the midazolam was provided, the child developed urticaria in both ankles, which rapidly progressed to the lower extremities, stomach, back, arms, neck, and face. The periorbital skin also became edematous. In the emerge...

Objectives The aim of this clinical trial was to compare the effects of oral Midazolam with oral Hydroxyzine on post sedation using IV Ketaminein children. Methods This single blind cross over clinical trial, was conducted on 25 children aged 2-6 years of ASA I and definitely negative by Frankl behavioral scale. Participants were divided into two groups: Group I received hydroxyzine syrup prem...

BACKGROUND Midazolam is commonly used as a pre-anesthesia anxiolytic. It`s elimination may not be fast enough for short procedures. In orally premedicated patients we obtained midazolam plasma concentrations at the end of surgical procedures and compared those to concentrations at anesthesia induction. METHODS The study was conducted prospectively with consent of the local ethics committee (E...

BACKGROUND/AIMS An acute immunological stress reaction was previously reported to occur after the painful setting of retrobulbar anaesthesia before intraocular surgery. This study was conducted to find out whether an oral low dose premedication with midazolam would modify the immunological stress reaction. METHODS 32 patients undergoing intraocular surgery using retrobulbar anaesthesia were i...

This study aimed to compare the effects of oral midazolam and chloral hydrate in pre-echocardiography sedation of children. In this double-blind clinical trial, 68 children were randomly assigned to midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) or chloral hydrate (50 mg/kg). The intensity, duration, and onset of the drugs' effects were assessed. Data were analyzed using the χ2 and Mann-Whitney tests (P ≤ .05). The ave...

BACKGROUND Magnetoencephalography (MEG), a noninvasive technique for evaluation of epileptic patients, records magnetic fields during neuronal electrical activity within the brain. Anaesthesia experience for MEG has not yet been reported. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed records of 48 paediatric patients undergoing MEG under anaesthesia. Thirty-one patients (nonprotocol group) were managed...

OBJECTIVE To determine if specially trained professional clowns allayed preoperative anxiety and resulted in a smooth anesthetic induction compared to the use of midazolam or no intervention. METHODS This was a randomized, controlled, and blinded study conducted with children 3-8 years of age undergoing general anesthesia and elective outpatient surgery. Patients were assigned to one of three...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral premedication with midazolam on recovery times of children undergoing dental restorations under general anesthesia. METHODS The records of 106 children (1.2-11.3 years, ASA I or II) undergoing ambulatory dental restorations were randomly selected and retrospectively reviewed: 50 subjects received midazolam (M) 0.5 mg/kg oral...