BACKGROUND This study aims to resolve two limitations of previous studies. First, as only a few studies examining social capital have been conducted in non-western countries, it is inconclusive that the concept, which has been developed in Western societies, applies similarly to an Asian context. Second, this study considers social capital at the individual-level, area-level and cross-levels of...

All organizations learn, whether they consciously choose to or not-it is a fundamental requirement for their sustained existence. Some firms deliberately advance organizational learning, developing capabilities that are consistent with their objectives; others make no focused effort and, therefore, acquire habits that are counterproductive. Nonetheless, all organizations learn. But what does it...

organizational commitment has been defined as the extent that an individual accepts, internalizes, and views his or her role based on organizational values and goals. the three components –affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment– form the basis of a new conceptualization of organizational commitment. job stress has become one of the most serious health issues in t...

This conceptual paper is guided by three objectives: First, to bolster the argument for organizational identity as a defined concept, as compared with a metaphor or paradigmatic perspective. Second, articulate a clearer and more fully developed connection between the concepts of individual identity and organizational identity. Third, specify a distinctive, defensible conceptual domain for the c...

this article survey is the theoretical literature about entrepreneurship , governmental entrepreneurship , corporate intrapreneurship and entrepreneurship dimensions and then explores a primary model from contextual field for experiment in the public sector organizations. in this study, three questionnaires are designed to measure individual and organizational elements accompanied by entreprene...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to design a participatory decision-making model for teachers of the second year of secondary education in Lorestan province. In this regard, first, using library and field studies, the components of teacherschr('39') participatory decision-making were initially identified. Then, using interviews with experts and based on the Delphi method, the identified fa...