Hybrid organic/inorganic materials are considered as the Extreme Ultraviolet photoresists of future. Compared to chemically amplified polymer-based they offer higher EUV absorption cross sections, and etch resistance. The chemical reactions that occur in these upon excitation with or other high energy radiation have been investigated over past 8 years. This paper summarizes findings for two cla...

Organic contaminants [polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), nonylphenols], organotin compounds and trace metals (cadmium, chromium, mercury and zinc) were determined in flounder (Platichthys flesus) liver and sediment from the Amsterdam harbour (North Sea Canal) and Rotterdam harbour (Euromonding) and off the Dutch coast betwe...

Introduction: In modern medical chemistry, much attention is paid to the search for new antimetastatic agents based on metal compounds. Organotin compounds promise be good candidates as treatment of malignant neoplasms. order reduce a possible nonspecific toxic effect tin and expand intended therapeutic use, paper presents hybrid (IV) complexes with Sn-S bond containing fragment 2,6-di-tert-but...

The paper considers the possibility of determining total content tin in various forms presence waters Azov and Black Seas, which differ salinity. Organotin compounds, when present waters, interfere with determination inorganic by direct injection ICP spectrometry. It is shown that before organotin microwave mineralization analyzed samples required, under a quantitative conversion to form ensure...

The organotin monomer di(tri-n-butyltin) citraconate (DTBTC, I) was synthesized. Subsequently this monomer was copolymerized with N-vinylimidazole (VI) using a free radical technique. The overall conversion was kept low (< or = 14% wt/wt) for all studied samples and the copolymer composition was determined from tin analysis using the Gilman and Rosenberg method. The synthesized monomer and copo...

In vitro antibacterial activity of some organotin(IV) chlorobenzoates including diphenyltin(IV) o-, m-, p-dichlorobenzoate (2, 3, 4) and triphenyltin(IV) p-chlorobenzoate (6, 7, 8) against Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli was studied. The compounds were synthesized by the reaction dihydroxide (1) hydroxide (5) with p-chlorobenzoic acid in a maximum refluxed time 4 h using methanol as solv...

Antifouling biocides such as organotin compounds and their alternatives are potent toxicants in marine ecosystems. In this study, we employed several molecular and biochemical response systems of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to understand a potential mode of action of antifouling biocides (i.e. tributyltin (TBT), diuron and irgarol) after exposure to different concentrations (0.01, 0.1,...

Environmentally relevant concentrations of organotin compounds (OTs) may trigger sex changes in marine invertebrates and pose a threat to the marine ecosystem. In this study, we investigated organotin levels and the biological responses of wild veined rapa whelk (Rapana venosa) from Lüjuhe district (LJH), Dashentang district (DST), and Nanpaihe district (NPH) in Bohai Bay, China. We found that ...

Seven organotin compounds and tin chloride were tested for their effects on the methanogenic bacteria Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, Methanococcus deltae delta LH, and Methanosarcina barkeri 227. The methanogens were strongly inhibited by triethyltin, tripropyltin, and monophenyltin compounds, generally at concentrations below 0.05 mM. Less inhibition by tributyltin and diphenyltin was obs...