The pumpkin is an important kitchen garden crop with very high nutritional value and long lifetime for storage and lot of fiber that acts as one of the best preventive factors from morbid obesity, hypertension, and cardiac diseases. As pretreatment for dehydration, osmotic dehydration creates maximum possible quality in the product by transfer of water outside the tissue of the nutrient. In thi...

the time, distinct differences between encapsulated and unencapsulated bacteria (Fig. 3 and 4). Experience so far has shown that whatever is uncertain with skim milk is usually uncertain with nigrosin. Evidence that the skim-milk method is extremely sensitive was obtained with a bacterium with some of the characteristics of a cytophaga. The separated cells were connected by mucoid strands, so f...

Candida krusei is osmotolerant yeast used for the production of glycerol. Addition of osmolyte such as NaCl into culture medium can increase the production of glycerol from glucose, but osmolytes may burden the glycerol separation. A coencapsulation method was suggested to create local extracellular hyperosmotic stress for glycerol accumulation. Firstly, the influence of osmotic stress induced ...

Exposure of Cryptococcus neoformans cells to gamma radiation results in a gradual release of capsular polysaccharide, in a dose-dependent manner. This method allows the systematic exploration of different capsular regions. Using this methodology, capsule density was determined to change according to the radial distribution of glucuronoxylomannan and total polysaccharide, becoming denser at the ...

Fluid balance at the capillary level has been simulated with an analogue computer program, based on experimental data on regional differences in capillary permeability, surface areas, and hydrostatic pressures. The program takes into account fluid and protein fluxes into and out of the interstitial space. Solutions are obtained for tissue hydrostatic pressure, tissue fluid osmotic pressure, int...

Pressurized elastic capsules arise at scales ranging from the 10 m diameter pressure vessels used to store propane at oil refineries to the microscopic polymeric capsules that may be used in drug delivery. Nature also makes extensive use of pressurized elastic capsules: plant cells, bacteria and fungi have stiff walls, which are subject to an internal turgor pressure. Here, we present theoretic...

INTRODUCTION Capsule endoscopy has, over the last few years, become a first-line test to visualize the mucosa of the small intestine. This technique is generally considered safe and does not cause discomfort for patients. However, although patients may have difficulty in swallowing the capsule, bronchial aspiration of a capsule endoscope is a very rare complication. We report the case of an 82-...

Potassium is a major nutrient which may play an important role in many processes such as ion homeostasis in plant cells and osmotic adjustment of guard cells during stomatal opening and closing. Pathumthani 1 (PT1) rice has been reported as being a salt sensitive cultivar and has been selected as a model plant in this study to investigate the possibility of improving the osmotic potential, pigm...

Among protoplasts released from cells of Bacillus megaterium grown at 20, 30, or 37 C, osmotic swelling in NaCl solution at a given external osmotic pressure was greatest for protoplasts from cells grown at 20 C and least for protoplasts from cells grown at 37 C. Protoplasts from cells grown at lower temperaturs were also less stable to osmotic shock and lysed at higher external osmotic pressur...

Osmotically controlled oral drug delivery systems utilize osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of active agents[3]. These systems can be utilized for systemic as well as targeted delivery of drugs. The release of drugs from osmotic system is governed by various formulation factors such as the solubility and the osmotic pressure of the core components, nature of the rate controlling membrane...