Editorial QJM Medical treatment of acute tubular necrosis Renal function is acutely impaired in about 5% of common, and that the proposed treatments have been available for many years. If 'evidence' were hospital admissions.1 In all instances, the immediate priorities are the same. First, recognition and treat-required, then none would be treated: but then the same goes for calcium in hyperkala...

The proposal that thiazide diuretics may increase cardiovascular risk receives no support from recent data. Current evidence does not indicate that diuretic-induced hypokalaemia is associated with increased ventricular arrhythmias. This evidence includes continuous electrocardiographic monitoring--which is the most sensitive technique for quantitating cardiac arrhythmias. In contrast to earlier...

Analysis of the available evidence indicates that diuretics do not increase coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality. The multiclinic trials supporting the cardiotoxicity hypothesis are few in number and flawed in design. The majority of the trials, including the well designed trials, indicate no excess of coronary heart disease (CHD) events in diuretic-treated patients compared with thos...

Our recent Veterans Administration Cooperative Study--involving 683 hypertensive male patients--showed that a diuretic was more effective than a beta blocker in controlling hypertension in most respects. In addition, in this study we failed to find evidence that thiazide-induced hypokalemia was associated with increased evidence of cardiac arrhythmias in patients without overt heart disease. We...

Diuretic abuse has been invoked as the cause of idiopathic oedema. In this study, eight patients with idiopathic oedema were studied. Symptoms and weight variation continued despite the proven absence of diuretics in seven of them as determined by urinary chromatograms. Idiopathic oedema cannot therefore be attributed to diuretic use alone.

Diuretics are pharmacological agents that increase natriuresis through inhibition of tubular re-absorption of sodium. The mechanisms and site of this inhibition differ with each drug class, accounting for their additive effects on natriuresis increase and their hydroelectrolytic side effects. The response to a given diuretic dose depends on the diuretic concentration on the urine at its action ...

Abstract Gliomas account for the vast majority of malignant primary tumors arising in central nervous system. Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) may be a potentially devastating complication brain and hydrocephalus. Brain occupy significant space causing displacement compression delicate structures within finite compartment. The compliance relationship is nonlinear decreases as combined volum...

PURPOSE This case report demonstrates that if serum sodium is re lowered early in the course of Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), many of its devastating consequences may be avoided. In animal models, initiation of re-lowering within four hours of symptom onset has been associated with better outcomes than initiation within eight to ten hours of symptom onset. As there is no effective thera...

A model for self-propulsion of a colloidal particle--the osmotic motor--immersed in a dispersion of "bath" particles is presented. The nonequilibrium concentration of bath particles induced by a surface chemical reaction creates an osmotic pressure imbalance on the motor causing it to move. The ratio of the speed of reaction to that of diffusion governs the bath particle distribution which is e...