Introduction: In the context of bucco-maxillo facial surgery, development biomaterials for use in clinical dentistry recent years has represented a powerful therapeutic instrument correction bone defects. Adult tissue stem cells (mesenchymal cells) mediate homeostasis and regeneration tissues organs. Growing evidence suggests that metabolism during quiescence, activation, differentiation may va...

Nanolevel modification of biomaterials has significantly improved their properties. With regard to implant dentistry, the application of " nano " to implants, abutments, and bone substitutes drastically changed the biologic response to them. Numerous in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies proved that the submicron modification, normally impossible to detect with our eyes, has enhanced osteogen...

The purpose of this review is to summarise recent advances in the design and composition of bioactive surface layers of implantabile biomaterials, and thus the genetic potential of osteoprogenitor cells to recognize and respond to these diverse implanted biomaterials. Changes applied to a biomaterial's surface, in general, could improve its biocompatibility, osseointegration and durability prop...

Background The goal of this study is to evaluate complication and effectiveness of alveolar ridge augmentations using a hydroxyapatite-based alloplastic bony substitute with rhBMP-2. Methods A total of 10 patients (4 males, 6 females; 58.5 ± 8.6 years) participated in this clinical research. Alveolar ridge augmentations were performed in edentulous (4 maxillary posterior, 5 mandibular posteri...

Various biological bone g rafts have been used for osteogenes i s , osteoconduction and even osteoinduction, but due to systemic influences and local factors, the outcome of successful incorporation of a bone graft has not been satisfactory. This study was therefore conducted on 15 clinically healthy adult dogs between 1 to 3 years of age weighing 20 to 30 kg to evaluate the effect of bo...

Bone has a strong capacity for self-repair; however, conditions such as complex trauma, tumor, infection, and congenital disorders, which can cause large bone defects and resorption, often result in devastating deficits of dental and skeletal tissues. Clinically, this can lead to nonunion of bone and the loss of functional support to surrounding tissues, with the consequence of significant impa...

Quantitative assessment of three-dimensional (3D) trabecular structural characteristics may improve our ability to understand the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, to test the efficacy of pharmaceutical intervention, and to estimate bone biomechanical properties. Considerable progress has been made in advanced imaging techniques for noninvasive and/or nondestructive assessment of 3D trabecular s...

Editorial Black holes in bone – irresistible attractors of foreign materials? Bone has a mechanical function. A material to replace it should therefore be able to take over this function. Screws and plates do this, so literally speaking steel is really a bone replacement material. But this term is usually reserved for other materials: various calcium phosphates, calcium sulphate (actually plast...

©2005 British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery doi:10.1302/0301-620X.87B8. 16692 $2.00 J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2005;87-B:1046-9. The capacity for biological materials to combine with inorganic salts is well established. Bio-mineralisation was an evolutionary milestone, and a key contributor to the ‘cladogenesis of life’ which occurred in the early Cambrian period, 570 million years ag...