Importance With approximately 14 000 deaths per year, ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death among US women and the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer. More than 95% of ovarian cancer deaths occur among women 45 years and older. Objective To update the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for ovarian cancer. Evidence ...

Ascitic fluid and plasma from ovarian cancer patients, but not from patients with nongynecological tumors, contain elevated levels of the bioactive phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). We show that ovarian cancer cells constitutively produce increased amounts of LPA as compared with normal ovarian epithelium, the precursor of ovarian epithelial cancer, or breast cancer cells. In addition, ...

BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the primary cause of death in women diagnosed with gynecological malignancies worldwide. Absence of early symptoms prevents prompt diagnosis or successful therapeutic intervention. P16INK4a is a well-known tumor suppressor gene (TSG). Aberrant methylation of TSG promoter is an important epigenetic silencing mechanism leading to ovarian cancer progression. Studies ha...

OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the expression of FAS-associated factor 1 (FAF1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in normal ovary and ovarian cancer, and also analyzed the correlation between FAF1 and HSP70 in ovarian cancer. METHODS The patient group consisted of 29 unrelated Korean women diagnosed as ovarian cancers and control samples were obtained from 7 patients who underwent ooph...

Abstract Introduction/objective Ovarian cancer is the 6th leading cause of mortality in women, killing more women than any other reproductive system cancer. We studied expression serum micro-ribonucleic acid-21 ( miRNA-21 ) ovarian patients and explored associations with diagnosis, clinicopathological parameters, prognosis. Methods Real-time fluorescence-quantitative polymerase chain reaction w...

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that many ovarian cancers represent metastases from occult fallopian tube carcinomas or tumors arising within ovarian endometriosis. We hypothesized that small ovarian volumes, as reflected in nonvisualization by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU), would be a marker of lower ovarian cancer risk, whereas enlargement on serial examinations would indicate highe...

BACKGROUND Patients with breast cancer who have mutations in the high penetrance genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, have an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Because these mutations are rare, easily obtained information such as age and family history of breast or ovarian cancer might be preferable for assessment of ovarian cancer risk in clinical practice. METHODS We linked data from the Swedish Cancer R...

OBJECTIVE Transcriptional profiling of epithelial ovarian cancer has revealed molecular subtypes correlating to biological and clinical features. We aimed to determine gene expression differences between malignant, benign and borderline serous ovarian tumors, and investigate similarities with the well-established intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer. METHODS Global gene expression pr...

Objective: The potential therapeutic effects of metformin on several cancers have been reported. However, there is no consensus on whether metformin has anti-tumor impact on ovarian cancer. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of metformin on ovarian cancer. Methods: We conducted searches of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Tri...

The balance between type 1 and type 2 T helper cells (the Th1-Th2 balance) is closely correlated with cancer, but the correlation in ovarian cancer remains unconfirmed. We investigated the Th1-Th2 balance for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of ovarian cancer. Fifty healthy subjects and 50 ovarian cancer patients were recruited. The levels of various cytokines were determined...