This chapter is devoted to reverse-engineering the cause of a dramatic increase in the total oxygen uptake rate by the lung, wherein oxygen is supplied to the blood to meet the increasing energetic demands between rest and exercise. This uptake rate increases despite a much smaller increase in the oxygen partial pressure difference across the lung’s exchange tissues (e.g. alveolar membranes), t...

Based on the classical Pennes bioheat equation and oxygen diffusion equation, a new coupled heat-mass transfer model for characterizing the cerebral circulatory arrest is proposed. Two cooling approaches (the surface cooling and volumetric cooling) are applied to analyze the effect of hypothermia on the transient temperature and the oxygen consumption rate in different regions of brain. It is s...

In their most recent publication, Gustafson et al.1 suggest the importance of a surface oxide phase for high CO2 formation in CO-O2 reactions. However, a close inspection of their data in Figure 2 of their paper shows clearly that the surface oxide phase, formed under O2/CO-rich reaction conditions, contributes negligibly to CO2 formation. At the reaction time of 1200 s (∼230 °C) in Figure 2b, ...

Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124 has potential application in the fermentation of xylose-rich waste streams, produced by wood hydrolysis. Kinetic models of cell growth, death, and oxygen uptake were investigated in batch and oxygen-limited continuous cultures fed a rich synthetic medium. Variables included rates of dilution (D) and oxygen transfer (K(1)a) and concentrations of xylose (X), ethanol (E...

Microbial activity measurements (oxygen transfer rate, OTR, carbon dioxide transfer rate CTR and respiratory quotient, RQ) are used to monitor and control biological processes. In this study, the digestion of activated sludge in microaerobic conditions was evaluated. The changes of biological activity during digestion were monitored by respiration activity. The sludge mixtures used were primary...

abstract objective children suffering from cerebral palsy (cp), exhibit movement limitations and physiological abnormalities as compared to normal individuals. the objective of this study was to assess mechanical efficiency and certain cardiovascular indices before and after an exercise-rehabilitation program in children with dipelegia spastic cerebral palsy (experimental group) in comparison w...

The first measurement of the temperature dependence muon transfer rate from muonic hydrogen to oxygen was performed by FAMU collaboration in 2016. results provide evidence that rises with range 104-300 K. This paper presents experiment done 2018 extend measurements towards lower (70 K) and higher (336 temperatures. confirm observed 2016 sets firm ground for comparison theoretical predictions.

The application of a rotating cathode in a river sediment microbial fuel cell increased the oxygen availability to the cathode, and therefore improved the cathode reaction rate, resulting in a higher power production (49 mW/m(2)) compared to a nonrotating cathode system (29 mW/m(2)). The increased dissolved oxygen in the water of our lab-scale sediment MFC, however, resulted in a less negative ...