A river-ecosystem is strongly affected by human activities. The pollutants discharged into a river from human activities may destroy the ecosystem of the river. Microorganisms in rivers (including suspended and sessile microorganisms) play key roles in degrading the pollutant and therefore in preventing the river ecosystem from being destroyed. To establish suitable measures for the protection ...

The substrates of composting with primary components of plant material such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are rather difficult to biodegrade and reduce the availability of the other polymers by means of a physical restriction (Ladisch et al., 1983). Studies have showed that it is of great importance that increase of the microbial populations especially the lignocellulose-degrading micr...

The species variability and potential environmental functions of Taxus rhizosphere microbial community were studied by comparative analyses of 15 16S rRNA and 15 ITS MiSeq sequencing libraries from Taxus rhizospheres in subtropical and temperate regions of China, as well as by isolating laccase-producing strains and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading strains. Total reads could be a...

Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs), a new cost effective technology for the remediation of contaminated groundwater, have rarely been considered for PAH contamination. We evaluated three candidate matrices (activated carbon (AC), pouzzolana coated (PzF) or not (Pz) with heavy fuel oil) for phenanthrene (PHE) sorption capacity and the biodegradation of adsorbed PHE. Adsorption-desorption batch e...

A study was undertaken to assess if corn plant (Zea may L.) maybe able to enhance the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene in acidic soil inoculated with a bacterial strain (Pseudomonas putida MUB1) capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Planting with corn, inoculating with MUB1, ora combination of the two were found to promote the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene...

Isoquinoline-degrading microbial cultures were isolated from oil- and creosote-contaminated soils. The establishment of initial enrichment cultures required the use of emulsified isoquinoline. Once growth on isoquinoline was established, isoquinoline emulsification was no longer required for utilization of isoquinoline as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen by these cultures. An isoquinoline...

Microorganisms responsible for the degradation of phenanthrene in a clean forest soil sample were identified by DNA-based stable isotope probing (SIP). The soil was artificially amended with either 12C- or 13C-labeled phenanthrene, and soil DNA was extracted on days 3, 6 and 9. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) results revealed that the fragments of 219- and 241-bp in Ha...

Mycobacterium rufum JS14(T) (=ATCC BAA-1377(T), CIP 109273(T), JCM 16372(T), DSM 45406(T)), a type strain of the species Mycobacterium rufum sp. . belonging to the family Mycobacteriaceae, was isolated from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil in Hilo (HI, USA) because it harbors the capability of degrading PAH. Here, we describe the first genome sequence of strain JS14(T), w...

A new method to facilitate rapid screening of lignin-degrading microorganisms was developed. Fungal strains are cultivated in tissue culture plates containing C-ring-labeled dehydrogenation polymerizate (DHP) (synthetic lignin). Evolved CO(2) is trapped in barium-saturated filter paper and is detected by exposing the paper to X-ray film. Analysis of the autoradiograms, carried out by density me...