This paper considers a model for the difference of two proportions in a paired or matched design of clinical trials, case-control studies and also sensitivity comparison studies of two laboratory tests. This model includes a parameter indicating both interpatient variability of response probabilities and their correlation. Under the proposed model, we derive a one-sided test for equivalence bas...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (∼ 22 nucleotides) RNA molecules that base-pair with mRNA primarily at the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) to cause mRNA degradation or translational repression (Bartel [2009]). The expression levels of miRNA and mRNA are usually measured by microarray or RNA-seq. Paried expression profiling of both miRNA and mRNA enables identifying miRNA-mRNA interactions within an i...

A fundamental limitation of causal inference in observational studies is that perceived evidence for an effect might instead be explained by factors not accounted for in the primary analysis. Methods for assessing the sensitivity of a study’s conclusions to unmeasured confounding have been established under the assumption that the treatment effect is constant across all individuals. In the pote...

 About 25 years ago, McCullagh proposed a method for modeling univariate ordinal responses. After publishing this paper, other statisticians gradually extended his method, such that we are now able to use more complicated but efficient methods to analyze correlated multivariate ordinal data, and model the relationship between these responses and host of covariates. In this paper, we aim to...

BACKGROUND The sample size required to power a study to a nominal level in a paired comparative diagnostic accuracy study, i.e. studies in which the diagnostic accuracy of two testing procedures is compared relative to a gold standard, depends on the conditional dependence between the two tests - the lower the dependence the greater the sample size required. A priori, we usually do not know the...

We investigate by means of a simulation study whether standard structural equation modeling techniques are suitable for estimating an unrestricted Thurstonian model to: (a) multiple judgment paired comparisons data, and (b) ranking data. We point out that Thurstone's (1927) original model is not a proper model for multiple judgment paired comparisons data as it assigns zero probability to all i...

There is an increasing need for the use of biocatalysis to obtain enantiopure compounds as chiral building blocks for drug synthesis such as antibiotics. The principal findings of this study are: (i) the complete sequenced genomes of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis MB4 contain a hitherto undescribed enantioselective and alkaliphilic esterase (BcEST and TtEST resp...