Introduction: Expensive chemical tests are usually applied to control the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. However, the cost of measuring these parameters is one of the challenges of the wastewater treatment plants. Using statistical methods has been evaluated for possibility of calculating expensive parameters by measuring the inexpensive parameters in this study. Materials and Meth...

In 1982, when computers were just becoming widely available, I was a graduate student beginning my work with Clark Glymour on a PhD thesis entitled: “Causality in the Social Sciences.” Dazed and confused by the vast philosophical literature on causation, I found relative solace in the clarity of Structural Equation Models (SEMs), a form of statistical model used commonly by practicing sociologi...

We discuss the prediction of a spatial variable of a multivariate mark composed of both dependent and explanatory variables. The marks are location-dependent and they are attached to a point process. We assume that the marks are assigned independently, conditionally on an unknown underlying parametric field. We compare (i) the classical non-parametric Nadaraya–Watson kernel estimator based on t...

In all fields and branches of sciences especially statistics, the correlation coefficient is one most often used statistical measures. This study has been carried out for comparing performances Pearson (), Spearman's Rank Kendall’s Tau () coefficients under three sample sizes based on data quantitative variables cotton. Descriptive statistics showed presence genetic variability cotton studied t...

Recently, we discovered that the delocalization of nitrogen lone-pair electrons (NLPEs) in five-membered heterocycles created a second σ-aromaticity addition to prototypical π-aromaticity. Such dual-aromatic compounds, such as pentazole anion, were proved have distinct chemistry comparison traditional π-aromatics, benzene, and surprisingly unstable, susceptible electrophilic attack, relatively ...

Methods Prospective observational study. Plasmatic levels of ProADM, C reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) and lactate in 110 consecutive patients admitted to ICU with severe sepsis / septic shock at days 1, 3 and 7 after admission. Clinical and demographic data: age, gender, comorbidities, APACHE II and SOFA scores. Recruited period over 12 months. Statistical analysis: c test for c...

the index is excellent by the malmquist index as extended to productivity measurement. the index developed here is defined in terms of input cost rather than input quantity distance functions in supply chain. therefore, we propose productivity change is decomposed into overall efficiency and cost technical change. these decompositions provide a clearer situation of the root sources of supply ch...

Bayesian semi-parametric inference is considered for a log-linear model. This model consists of a parametric component for the regression coeecients and a nonparametric component for the unknown error distribution. Bayesian analysis is studied for the case of a parametric prior on the regression coeecients and a mixture-of-Dirichlet-processes prior on the unknown error distribution. A Markov ch...

Methods Inclusion criteria were an expected length of stay in the ICU of at least 72h, age ≥ 18 years, and availability of informed consent given by patient or legal proxy. Sensors were inserted into subcutaneous tissue of the patient’s thigh, quantifying interstitial glucose concentration based on glucose oxidase reaction. Measurements were collected for up to 72h, while calibrations took plac...