On the basis of the conservation of neuraminidase (N) active-site residues in influenza virus N and paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), it has been suggested that the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the globular heads of the two proteins are broadly similar. In this study, details of this structural similarity are worked out. Detailed multiple sequence alignment of paramyxoviru...

Camels are known carriers for many viral pathogens, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). It is likely that there are additional, as yet unidentified viruses in camels with the potential to cause disease in humans. In this study, we performed metagenomic sequencing analysis on nasopharyngeal swab samples from 108 MERS-CoV-positive dromedary camels from a live animal...

The Paramyxoviridae genus Henipavirus is presently represented by the type species Hendra and Nipah viruses which are both recently emerged zoonotic viral pathogens responsible for repeated outbreaks associated with high morbidity and mortality in Australia, Southeast Asia, India and Bangladesh. These enveloped viruses bind and enter host target cells through the coordinated activities of their...

One of the greatest threats to the conservation of wild cat populations may be dogs or, at least, one of their viruses. Canine distemper virus (CDV), a single-stranded RNA virus in the Paramyxoviridae family and genus Morbillivirus, infects and causes disease in a variety of species, not just canids. An outbreak of CDV in wild lions in the Serengeti, Tanzania, in 1994 was a wake-up call for con...

Introduction: The classic “Mumps” is known as a viral parotitis caused by mumps virus belonging to the genus Rubulavirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. Case Presentation: We reviewed three patients diagnosed with aseptic meningitis due to acute non-mumps associated parotitis based on clinical and laboratory findings. While there are many similarities between the clinical characteristics of clas...

Negative-strand (NS) RNA viruses comprise many pathogens that cause serious diseases in humans and animals. Despite their clinical importance, little is known about the host factors required for their infection. Using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a prototypic NS RNA virus in the family Rhabdoviridae, we conducted a human genome-wide siRNA screen and identified 72 host genes required for vi...

BACKGROUND Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) was isolated from dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) naturally affected with respiratory and reproductive clinical conditions. RESULTS Examination of nasal and vaginal swabs collected from 12 diseased buffaloes led to the isolation of three paramyxovirus isolates from two animals. Antigenic, morphological and biological characteristics of these thre...

Goats are the Pakistan's fastest growing ruminants, and Pakistan is the third largest goat producer in the world after India and China. Goat meat preference is the main reason for its increased demand. In the country, there are 25 goat breeds and two wild relatives such as Mark and Goats. At present, Pakistan has 53.8 million goats, according to the 2006 GOP report, and their population growth ...

Serological relationships among measles virus (MV), canine distemper virus (CDV), and rinderpest virus (RV), which constitute morbillivirus subgroup of paramyxoviridae, were investigated by immunoprecipitation and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for their major structural proteins, i.e., hemagglutinin (H), nucleocapsid (NC), fusion (F), and matrix (M) proteins. The molecular weights of t...

Two transmembrane glycoproteins form spikes on the surface of Sendai virus, a member of the Respirovirus genus of the Paramyxovirinae subfamily of the Paramyxoviridae family: the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and the fusion (F) proteins. HN, in contrast to F, is dispensable for viral particle production, as normal amounts of particles can be produced with highly reduced levels of HN. This HN...