In order to ensure the safety of parenterals, international pharmacopoeias and national standards have set up stringent guidelines and standards. Particulate con- tamination is a potential health risk caused by intravenous injection of particles large enough to potentially clog the small arteries. Particles could be produced through manufacturing and packaging or even dispensing of the ph...

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area faces a severe fine particulate matter (PM2.5) problem. To date, considerable progress has been made toward understanding the PM2.5 problem, including spatial-temporal characterization, driving factors, and health effects. However, little research has been done on the dynamic interactions and relationships between PM2.5 concentrations in different cities in this a...

the state of works of art exhibited inside museums can be strongly influenced by indoor air quality, due to chemical activity of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. for that reason it is important to carry out periodic air quality controls to check if the concentration levels of air pollutants comply with the limits specified by the national laws. in this work we show results obtained i...

effect of automobile pollution on the productivity of crocus sativus was studied for one year time period (october 2005-april 2006). the parameters which were analyzed viz total chlorophyll, carotenoids, leaf area, plant height, corm size, corm weight, corm yield, biomass, flower production, and length of stigma and style, showed a remarkable decrease as compared to control. total chlorophyll ,...

Dissolved and particulate metal concentrations are reported from three sites beneath and at the base of the McMurdo Sound seasonal sea ice in the Ross Sea of Antarctica. This dataset provided insight into Co and Mn biogeochemistry, supporting a previous hypothesis for water column mixing occurring faster than scavenging. Three observations support this: first, Mn-containing particles with Mn/Al...

Following an extensive review of the literature, we further analyze the published data to examine the health effects of indoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) of outdoor origin. We obtained data on all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality per 10 μg/m3 increase in outdoor PM10 or PM2.5; the infiltration factors for buildings; and estimated time spent outdoors by individuals in th...

The frequency and intensities of dust exposures in and near farm fields, which potentially contribute to high intensity human exposure events, are undocumented due to the transient nature of local dust plumes and the difficulties of making accurate concentration measurements. The objective of this study is to measure near-field spatial concentrations of the dust plumes emitted during tilling an...

This article presents the investigative work conducted on the fracture toughness and microstructure of Al6061-9% graphite particulate composites. The requisite specimens for the fracture toughness testing were compact tension ones prepared using stir casting technique. The Al6061-9% graphite particulate metal matrix composite has been heat treated in the underaged condition. It is observed from...

For magneto-optical(MO) recording media we propose particulate films with magnetic fine particles dispersed in binders. Using effective dielectric tensor Faraday rotation ~ and absorption coefficient -a-are calculated for the particulate films containing Bi-substituted YIG and Co fine particles. The MO figure of merit O'~ of the particulate films exceeds that of continuous magnetic films. This ...

Vertical profiles of suspended particulate trace metals were measured in the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda and in the California Current, northwest Pacific. Using a new in situ pump, sufficiently large samples of particulate matter (order 10mg) were collected to allow measurement of a suite of trace metals as well as major component elements, using several different leaching techniques on separate ...