The summer extent of the Arctic sea-ice cover has decreased in recent decades and there have been alterations in the timing and duration of the summer melt season. These changes in ice conditions have affected the partitioning of solar radiation in the Arctic atmosphere–ice–ocean system. The impact of sea-ice changes on solar partitioning is examined on a pan-Arctic scale using a 25 km! 25 km E...

since the energy consumption has become one of the crisis of modern buildings, modeling the iranian past architecture patterns could be helpful. the shopping streets as one of the main sectors consuming energy locate near the open spaces it seems, therefore, they need more thermal comfort. however, using passive techniques, the iranian traditional bazaars architecture solved the problems regard...

Endothermic arousal from torpor is an energetically costly process and imposes enormous demands on the cardiovascular system, particularly during early stage arousal from low body temperature (Tb). To minimize these costs many bats and other heterothermic endotherms rewarm passively from torpor using solar radiation or fluctuating ambient temperature (Ta). Because the heart plays a critical rol...

Solar water heating system is convincing technology to convert solar energy into thermal energy. According the survey, approximately 42% of refined crude oil used in industries and commercial applications for processes. Fossil fuel main source that depleting continuously. an environment-friendly source, which can fulfill demand. collectors are most popular domestic as well industrial sectors du...

Radiative cooling, a unique and uncommon passive cooling method for devices operating outdoors, has recently been demonstrated to be effective for photovoltaic thermal management. In this work, we investigate the effect of radiative cooling as a complement to existing passive cooling methods like convective cooling in a related system with much higher heat loads: a high-concentration photovolta...