Background: The prevalence of high-risk pregnancies in the world is still relatively high. Approximately 10-30% mothers who undergo routine antenatal care are diagnosed with and these, 70-80% experience perinatal mortality morbidity. psychological impact pregnancy anxiety, stress, mother experiencing a crisis that can affect relationship between fetus. This condition also continue baby after bi...

Genomic imprinting in mammals is believed to result from modifications to chromosomes during gametogenesis that inactivate the paternal or maternal allele. The genes encoding the insulin-like growth factor type 2 (Igf2) and its receptor (Igf2r) are reciprocally imprinted and expressed from the paternal and maternal genomes, respectively, in the fetal and adult mouse. We find that both genes are...

Parent/infant attachment or bonding is a naturally occurring event that begins during the prenatal period. The feelings of attachment strengthen when fetal movement is felt and grow stronger with parent/infant interaction after birth. Parents who have a newborn requiring intensive care can have a disruption or delay in this attachment process. Neonatal nurses are in a unique position to assess ...

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) presents a collection of symptoms representing physiological and behavioral phenotypes caused by maternal alcohol consumption. Symptom severity is modified by genetic differences in fetal susceptibility and resistance as well as maternal genetic factors such as maternal alcohol sensitivity. Animal models demonstrate that both maternal and paternal genetics...

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterized by the presence of multiple joint contractures resulting from reduced or absent fetal movement. Here, we report two unrelated families affected by lethal AMC. By genetic mapping and whole-exome sequencing in a multiplex family, a heterozygous truncating MAGEL2 mutation leading to frameshift and a premature stop codon (c.1996delC, p.Gln66...

T adverse consequences of maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy on fetal outcome are well documented (for a review, see Meyer and Riley 1986). However, the possibility that paternal alcohol consump­ tion also may induce deficits in the proge­ ny has received relatively little attention. This is somewhat surprising, as alco­ holism appears to be linked genetically with the father in humans (M...

Although paternal ethanol (EtOH) abuse has been shown to affect the growth and behavior of offspring, the exact molecular and mechanistic basis remains largely unclear. Methylation alterations in imprinted genes may be related to well-documented teratogenic effects of ethanol. Here we show that chronic paternal ethanol exposure increases the susceptibility to abnormal behavior in offspring thro...

The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene ( WT1 ) was previously identified as being imprinted, with frequent maternal expression in human placentae and fetal brains. We examined the allele-specific expression of WT1 in cultured human fibroblasts from 15 individuals. Seven of 15 fibroblast lines were heterozygous for polymorphic alleles, and the expression patterns were variable, i.e., equal, unequal or...