Whereas John Hunter (1728-93) the anatomist, zoologist, physiologist, pathologist and museum collector receives unceasing eulogy, his work as a practising surgeon is curiously neglected. As far as can be determined, there are no studies devoted to his instruments and operative technique before a personal investigation in 1991, perhaps for the good reason that these would prove inconclusive. Nev...

With multiple options for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer that have comparable cancer control and complication rates, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become an important consideration. This article reviews the methods for defining HRQOL, the challenges in measuring HRQOL in bladder cancer, and the literature comparing HRQOL after various methods of urina...

AIM To review, from a primary care physician (PCP) perspective, the use of patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments for assessment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, their impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and the effectiveness of therapy. RESULTS While generic and disease-specific PRO instruments have been used in the assessment of GERD, the latter can be c...

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are widely accepted measures for evaluating of surgical interventions. As patient-reported information is stored in electronic health records, it essential that there valid PRO (ePRO) instruments available clinicians and researchers. The aim this study was to evaluate the validity versions five used foot ankle specific instruments. Altogether 111 consecutive ele...