Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by loss of dopominergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and can be experimentally mimicked by the neurotoxin MPP(+) in vitro models. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of SKF-96365, a non-specific inhibitor of SOCE (store-operated calcium entry), on M...

OBJECTIVE To investigate astaxanthin (ATX) neuroprotection, and its mechanism, on a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine ion (MPP+)-induced cell model of Parkinson's disease. METHODS Mature, differentiated PC12 cells treated with MPP+ were used as an in vitro cell model. The MTT assay was used to investigate cell viability after ATX treatment, and western blot analysis was used to observe Sp1 (activate...

Bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is an iron-binding secretory protein present in breast milk, mucosal secretions, and the secondary granules of neutrophils. Although bLf has multiple functions, including antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, its effect on neuronal cells is not fully understood. We report that bLf prevents cell adhesion of PC12 cells and allows them to be cultivated in suspensi...

The two MAP kinases JNK and ERK direct distinct cellular activities even though they share a number of common substrates, including several transcription factors. Here we have compared JNK and ERK signalling during PC12 cell differentiation and investigated how activation of c-Jun by the MAPKs contributes to this cellular response. Exposure to nerve growth factor, or expression of constitutivel...

PC12 cells differentiate in response to nerve growth factor from a chromaffin cell to a sympathetic neuronal phenotype. Wnt-1 is a secreted signaling factor required for development of mammalian midbrain and cerebellum. PC12 cells transformed by Wnt-1 fail to express several differentiation-specific genes in response to nerve growth factor. We have previously shown that HES-1, a negative regula...

The microenvironment of neuron cells plays a crucial role in regulating neural development and regeneration. Hyaluronic acid (HA) biomaterial has been applied in a wide range of medical and biological fields and plays important roles in neural regeneration. PC12 cells have been reported to be capable of endogenous NGF synthesis and secretion. The purpose of this research was to assess the effec...

Hypoxia to the tissue plays a significant role in ischemia. In spite of the development of various in vitro models of neuronal cultures to study the mechanism of ischemia-induced cell death, not much is known about the role of protein expression in ischemia induced pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Present study was done to study the expressions of proteins in hypoxia induced PC12 cells and after ...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to indicate whether different fractions from Artemisia biennis hydroethanolic extract could provide cytoprotection against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Also, activation of caspase-3 and superoxide dismutase were evaluated ...

BACKGROUND The membrane permeability transition of mitochondria has been suggested to be involved in toxic and oxidative forms of cell injury. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to play a critical role in neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Despite the suggestion that indole beta-carbolines may be neurotoxic, these compounds provide a protective effect against cytotoxicity of other n...

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent, broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used for treatment of several types of cancers. Despite its effectiveness, it has a wide range of toxic side effects, many of which most likely result from its inherent prooxidant activity. It has been reported that DOX has toxic effects on normal tissues, including brain tissue. In the current study, we investigated the protec...