Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the most aggressive malignancy of the thyroid, during which undifferentiated tumors arise from the thyroid follicular epithelium. ATC has a very poor prognosis due to its aggressive behavior and poor response to conventional therapies. Gene-directed enzyme/prodrug therapy using genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) is a promising therapeutic s...

The tomato--Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst)--pathosystem is one of the best understood models for plant-pathogen interactions. Certain wild relatives of tomato express two closely related members of the same kinase family, Pto and Fen, which recognize the Pst virulence protein AvrPtoB and activate effector-triggered immunity (ETI). AvrPtoB, however, contains an E3 ubiquitin ligase domain ...

A key virulence strategy of bacterial pathogens is the delivery of multiple pathogen effector proteins into host cells during infection. The Hrp outer protein Q (HopQ1) effector from Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pto) strain DC3000 is conserved across multiple bacterial plant pathogens. Here, we investigated the virulence function and host targets of HopQ1 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Tr...

The PTO driveline is the most common means of transferring power from a tractor to towed machinery and stationary equipment. While equipment manufacturers install shielding to protect operators and bystanders from coming in contact with operating PTO components (particularly around the knuckle), entanglement is still a cause of some of the most catastrophic agricultural work-related injuries. T...

Introduction and objectives: Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process that in cancer cells maintains metabolism and energy balances, both of which protect malignant cells from stress. Lysosomes are acidic organelles that play a crucial role in degrading intracellular macromolecules and organelles during the final stage of autophagy. Tetrandrine (Tet) is a natural product isolated from ...

tgiflx, a homoproteins cluster member located on the x chromosome, has a critical role in male reproduction and prostate development. previous studies have shown the erratic expression of tgiflx gene in a large proportion of prostate tumors. however tgiflx function in prostate development remains unknown. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of tgiflx expression on prostat...

We report successful conditional gene expression in the malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi, on the basis of binary systems consisting of gene driver and responder transgenic lines generated by Minos-mediated germline transformation. An A. gambiae tissue-specific enhancer derived from a serpin (SRPN10) gene was utilized to control the temporal and spatial expression of doxycycline (dox)-sensiti...

Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in both men and women and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Suicide gene-based therapy with suicide gene-transduced mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising therapeutic strategy. A tetracycline-controlled Tet-On inducible system used to regulate gene expression may be a useful tool for gene-based therapies. The aim of this stu...

BACKGROUND The incidence of posttraumatic osteomyelitis (PTO) is increasing despite new treatment strategies. Assessment of patients' outcomes following PTO is challenging due to multiple variables. The study goals are to determine the frequency of recurrence following PTO treatment and identify factors predisposing patients to treatment failure. METHODS Between August 01, 2007 to August 30, ...

Tetrandrine (TET), a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid from the root of Stephania tetrandra, is known to have anti-tumor activity in various malignant neoplasms. However, the precise mechanism by which TET inhibits tumor cell growth remains to be elucidated. The present studies were performed to characterize the potential effects of TET on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and extracellular signal-re...