Polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) nanoparticles for delivering model protein drug ovalbumin were prepared from two polysaccharide polymers, alginate and chitosan. The parameters influencing the complex formation were characterised using colloid titration in combination with dynamic light scattering. The polyelectrolyte interactions and morphology of the formed complexes were verified by differentia...

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy have been used to characterize the polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed when potassium indigo tetrasulfonate (ITS) interacts with poly diallydimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) through columbic attraction in the presence of the reducing agent sodium bisulfite, NaHSO3. The PDADMAC facilitates both the reduction of the ITS and the stab...

Low vitamin D (VD) status may increase prostate cancer risk but experimental evidence for this relationship is modest. We tested whether low VD status or VD receptor (VDR) deletion influences prostate epithelial cell (PEC) biology using intact mice, castrated mice, or castrated mice treated with testosterone propionate (TP, 2.5 mg/kg BW). PEC proliferation (Ki-67 staining) and apoptosis (TUNEL ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To study the effectiveness of an anesthesiologist-directed preadmission evaluation center (PEC) in our institution. DESIGN I: Preoperative test costs were measured on two sets of patients undergoing same-day surgery. II: Rate of cancellation was measured on all patients undergoing same-day surgery in a subsequent one-year time period. SETTING The PEC, short procedure unit, a...

The effects of partial replacement of Cu with Ag in a Cu(In,Ga)S2 (CIGS) thin film on its structural, optical, electrostructural, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties were investigated, in order to improve its performance for PEC water reduction under sunlight illumination. Results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed the successful partial replacement of Cu with Ag to form solid...

A PEC is a Pattern Enforcing Compiler, which is like a conventional compiler only extended to include the extra checks needed to enforce design patterns. PECs are currently a research project and the PEC written is targeted at the Java programming language. This paper:

Three building blocks of the antenna complexes of the cyanobacterium Westiellopsis prolifica were studied: PEC(X), which is similar to the ot-subunit of phycoerythrocyanin (PEC), trimers of PEC and monomers derived from these by deaggregation with KSCN. The fit of the fluorescence decay curve of PEC(X) requires at least four exponentials, although it supposedly contains only one chromophore. Th...

The aim of the work reported herein was to investigate the effect of various low molecular weight chitosans (LMWCs) on the stability of insulin using USP HPLC methods. Insulin was found to be stable in a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) consisting of insulin and LMWC in the presence of a Tris-buffer at pH 6.5. In the presence of LMWC, the stability of insulin increased with decreasing molecular we...

preformulation studies on transdermal dosage forms involve liberal use of animal skin for assessing the permeation characteristics of drugs, influence of permeation enhancers, optimizing the formulation variables etc. the restricted availability of animal skin due to concerns regarding prevention of cruelty to animals has generated considerable interest in developing polymeric films for use as ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Scales can be useful to recognize anxiety states and to indicate ways to prevent complications due to elevated levels of anxiety. The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (YPAS-m) was developed to evaluate anxiety in preschool children at the time of the anesthetic induction. It is an observational scale, being applied and completed in a short period of time. Studi...