in recent years, reducing emissions has become an important issue. besides reducing the economic costs, reducing the fuel consumption decreases emissions, pollutant impact and increases society health as well. green vehicle routing problem are a major key to reduce hazardous effects of transportation such as air pollution, greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions, noise and the like. generally, the amoun...

Troop movement involves transporting military personnel from one location to another using available means. To minimize damage enemies, the simultaneously uses reconnaissance and transportation units during troop movements. This paper proposes a vehicle routing problem considering (VRPCRT) for wartime The VRPCRT is formulated as mixed-integer programming model minimizing completion time of move...