This paper proposes an outline for writing-up a patient case that can be used by experienced pharmacy practitioners, or by students during case-study courses or clerkship training. When such written documentation is placed in the patient’s primary medical record it not only communicates pharmacotherapeutic evaluations and treatment recommendations but also serves as a record of pharmaceutical c...

Background: The increase in R&D and upward trend of R&D/pharmaceutical sales has occurred despite government controlled pharmaceutical price reduction in Japan. This paper identifies the effect of the government’s price control policy on pharmaceutical innovation and evaluates the influence of new chemical entities (NCE) on health

abstract kermanshah is a city in west of iran with a specific customs and cultures between the kermanshah is a city in west of iran with a specific customs and cultures between the people who are living here. according to historical documents these cultures are very ancient and belong to more than one thousand years. the climate condition in this place forces people to find the solution of thei...

iran is a developing country in middle east which has experienced some political and economical turbulence during the past decades. government of iran, after the 1979 islamic revolution, has devoted considerable resources on national health, including the pharmaceutical sector. as a result, health indicators have improved substantially over the past two decadesnd the availability and affordabil...

in the current competitive market, ‘service quality’ management is the key to survival and success of businesses. there exists a variety of definitions of the term ‘service quality’ in the literature and referring to the existing definitions, a variety of scales have been developed for measuring service quality. amongst the others, ‘servqual’ is the popular service quality measurement scales (s...

a simple and rapid microextraction procedure based on the application of magnetic nanoparticles and hydrophobic 1-hexylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate [hpy][pf6] ionic liquid (il) was applied to trace determination of gatifloxacin. a mixture of [hpy][pf6] and magnetic nanoparticles was injected into the sample solution containing the analyse of interest and a cloudy solution was formed. after ce...