OBJECTIVES To investigate if typing speed is proportional to the severity of pain in keyboard workers with work-related upper limb disorder (WRULD). DESIGN Standardized functional typing test with participants scoring pain before and after typing; calculation of typing speed. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-nine patients and six controls. SETTING Tertiary hospital centre for hand and upper limb pain. ...

BACKGROUND Rapid typing of Leptospira is currently impaired by requiring time consuming culture of leptospires. The objective of this study was to develop an assay that provides multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data direct from patient specimens while minimising costs for subsequent sequencing. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS An existing PCR based MLST scheme was modified by designing nested primer...

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most frequent and lethal causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs). We carried out a retrospective multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic background of clinical E. coli isolates recovered from bloodstream in three hospitals in Shanghai. E. coli isolates causing BSIs were consecutively collected between Sept 2013 and Sept 2014. Ninet...

DNA-based methods are increasingly important for bacterial typing. The high number of polymorphic sites present among closely related bacterial genomes is the basis for the presented method. The method identifies multilocus genomic polymorphisms in intergenic regions termed AILP (amplified intergenic locus polymorphism). For each locus, a pair of unique PCR primers was designed to amplify an in...

In Brief Background Investigation was undertaken to determine the genetic relatedness of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) isolates young (<25 years) heterosexuals a potential outbreak from October 2017 March 2019 in South-Limburg, Netherlands. Methods Data and residual sample material routine diagnostics were retrieved for cases (78/81), at baseline (January 2016 September 2017, n = 30), men who have...

Fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (FQ(r) ExPEC) strains from phylogenetic group B2 are undergoing epidemic spread. Isolates belonging to phylogenetic group B2 are generally more virulent than other E. coli isolates; therefore, resistance to FQs among group B2 isolates is concerning. Although clonal expansion of sequence type 131 (ST131) is a major factor...

Amomum villosum Lour., produced from Yangchun, Guangdong Province, China, is a Daodi medicinal material of Amomi Fructus in traditional Chinese medicine. This herb germplasm should be accurately identified and collected to ensure its quality and safety in medication. In the present study, single nucleotide polymorphism typing method was evaluated on the basis of DNA barcoding markers to identif...

background: influenza virus is a major infectious pathogen of the respiratory system causing a high degree of morbidity and mortality annually. the worldwide vaccines are decided and produced annually by world health organization and licensed companies based on the samples collected from all over the world. the aim of this study was to determine phylogenecity and heterogenecity of the circulati...

the last two decades have seen a massive growth in the application of dna technology in histocompatibility and immunogenetics. this review summarises the history and application of dna methods in this area.