Bacteria that colonize plant roots and promote plant growth are referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR are highly diverse and in this review we focus on rhizobacteria as biocontrol agents. Their effects can occur via local antagonism to soil-borne pathogens or by induction of systemic resistance against pathogens throughout the entire plant. Several substances produced...

Submerged aquatic macrophytes such as Potamogeton crispus can absorb large quantities of nutrients from sediment and water, and therefore mitigate pollution and improve water quality of polluted lakes. Turions are the main propagules of P. crispus; their formation is an important process in the life cycle of the plant and relates closely to the population dynamics of the species in lakes. The c...

Allelopathy, a phenomenon where compounds produced by one plant limit the growth of surrounding plants, is a controversially discussed factor in plant-plant interactions with great significance for plant community structure. Common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) form belowground networks that interconnect multiple plant species; yet these networks are typically ignored in studies of allelopathy. W...

The demand for animal-based food production is increasing mainly due to the rapid growth of human population. effective high-quality agricultural products promotes and protects natural environment, health, animal welfare. Sustainable processing involves minimizing waste stream. One way use plant-based waste, which often rich in bioactive substances, produce fermented feed accordance with princi...

Most studies conducted to test the allelopathic activity of plant parts have made use of water as solvent. However, the presence of polar, water-soluble substances, such as proteins and carbohydrates, tends to hamper the purifi cation of active compounds. In this study, we present a simple purifi cation procedure that separates the active fraction of the extract from the undesirable substances,...

In recent years, the use of biostimulants in sustainable agriculture has been growing. Biostimulants can be obtained from different organic materials and include humic substances (HS), complex organic materials, beneficial chemical elements, peptides and amino acids, inorganic salts, seaweed extracts, chitin and chitosan derivatives, antitranspirants, amino acids and other N-containing substanc...

The physiological effects of humic substances (HS) on some aspects of plant growth and metabolism are examined. Evidence has been presented on that the effect of HS on plant growth depends on the source, concentration and molecular weight humic fraction. While a low molecular size (LMS , 3500 Da) fraction easily reaches the plasmalemma of higher plant cells and, in part, is taken up into them, ...

The importance of soil humus in soil fertility has been well established many years ago. However, the knowledge about the whole mechanisms by which humic molecules in the rhizosphere improve plant growth remains partial and rather fragmentary. In this review we discuss the relationships between two main signaling pathway families that are affected by humic substances within the plant: one direc...

Soil fumigation induces an ‘increased growth response’ (IGR) in crops of about 35%, even in soils with low pathogen and weed pressures (1). Populations of Pseudomonads and other bacteria increase in fumigated soils as soon as 2-wks after treatment (2). Some Pseudomonads can stimulate plant yields through the production of siderophores, growth promoting substances and by the suppression of soil-...