An ethnobotanical survey was carried out among the Taounate population in Northern Morocco to identify plants used in folk-medicine. Two distinct physiographic regions of the province, populated by two ethnic groups, were surveyed. Extensive investigation undertaken during the past 5 years has brought to light 102 medicinal plants belonging to 48 families. The scientific and vernacular names of...

Fungal endophytes have been shown to improve abiotic and biotic stress response in plants. Grasses growing along the Oregon coast are exposed to harsh conditions and may harbor endophytes that enable them to survive and grow under these conditions. Endophytic fungi were isolated from thirty-four grass plants representing eight different grass species at four different locations along the Oregon...

Since ancient times, people have cut and joined together plants of different varieties or species so they would grow as a single plant - a process known as grafting (Figures 1 and 2). References to grafting appear in the Bible, ancient Greek and ancient Chinese texts, indicating that grafting was practised in Europe, the Middle East and Asia by at least the 5(th) century BCE. It is unknown wher...

In order to stand firmly and efficiently uptake water and nutrients, plants need complex root stock architectures. The root system in maize is characterized by different root types, each of which contributes to the development and establishment of plants in a distinctive manner. During very early development, the embryonic primary and seminal roots are predominant, together with their post-embr...

microbe-associated molecular patterns (mamps) play key roles as activators of the innate immune response in animals and, analogously, as elicitors of defense responses in plants. however, there are not much investigations concerning their real importance in plant resistance against pathogens. here we used derivatives of flagellin and ef-tu as two well-known mamps against some important fungal a...