The blood-brain/tumor barrier inhibits the uptake and accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs. Hyperthermia can enhance the delivery of chemotherapeutic agent into tumors. In this study, we investigated the effects of short-time focused ultrasound (FUS) hyperthermia on the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) for brain metastasis of breast cancer. Murine bre...

AIM To evaluate the results of the treatment of simple liver cysts (solitary and multiple) and polycystic liver disease (PLD) using percutaneous sclerotherapy and/or surgical procedures in a single tertiary referral centre. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 54 patients referred for evaluation and possible treatment of simple liver cysts (solitary and multiple) and PLD, from January 1997 to Ju...

Recombinant interleukin (IL)-18 (SB-485232) is an immunostimulatory cytokine, with shown antitumor activity in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in preclinical models. This phase I study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and biologic activity of SB-485232 administered in combination with PLD in subjects with recurrent ovarian cancer. The protocol comprised four cycles of ...

Increased cAMP by stimulation of adenylyl cyclase with forskolin or by beta-adrenoceptor activation with isoproterenol increased phospholipase D (PLD) activity in tracheal smooth muscle strips. PLD activity was measured by the accumulation of phosphatidylethanol. A linear increase in the concentration of phosphatidylethanol was observed over 20 min in muscle strips treated with either forskolin...

Phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human mononuclear phagocytes is mediated primarily by complement receptors (CRs) but the transmembrane signaling mechanisms that regulate phagocytosis of the bacterium are unknown. We have analyzed the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) during phagocytosis of the virulent Erdman and attenuated H37Ra strains of M. tuberculosis by human monocyte-deri...

We have demonstrated previously that in bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells, phospholipase D (PLD) activity can indirectly result in the generation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) through its production of phosphatidic acid (PA) and the subsequent action of PA phosphohydrolase. Furthermore, the PLD-generated DAG can trigger aldosterone secretion. Therefore, we characterized PLD activation by two ag...

It has been observed experimentally that under certain conditions, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) produces smoother surfaces than ordinary molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). So far, the mechanism leading to the improved quality of surfaces in PLD is not yet fully understood. In the present work, we investigate the physical properties of a simple model for PLD, in which the transient mobility of adato...

Phospholipase D (PLD), which hydrolyzes phospholipids into free head groups and phosphatidic acid (PA), may regulate cellular processes through the production of lipid and lipid-derived messengers. We have genetically abrogated PLD alpha, the most prevalent isoform of PLD in plants, and the depletion of PLD alpha in Arabidopsis decreased the levels of PA and superoxide production in Arabidopsis...

Membrane constants and distribution of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors were determined for multiply innervated fibers of the anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) and singly innervated fibers of the posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) muscles of 3-6 month old chickens. The values of the various membrane constants were: length constant, 1.78 mm (mean) in ALD, 0.68 mm in PLD; time constant, 35 msec in ALD, ...

BACKGROUND Arterial spin-labeling magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (ASL-MRI) allows noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) but depends on arterial transit time (ATT). To overcome this problem, we developed a simple ASL technique with dual postlabeling delay (PLD) settings. In addition to the routinely used PLD of 1.5 seconds, we selected another PLD of 2.5 seconds to assess sl...