Polar, alpine and temperate ectothermic (cold-blooded) animals encounter temperatures below the melting point of their body fluids either diurnally or seasonally. These animals have developed a number of biochemical and physiological adaptations to survive the low temperatures. The problems posed to the animals during cold periods include changes in membrane and protein structure due to phase c...

A novel enrichment technique, adsorptive μ-extraction (AμE), is proposed for trace analysis of polar solutes in aqueous media. The preparation, stability tests and development of the analytical devices using two geometrical configurations, i.e. bar adsorptive μ-extraction (BAμE) and multi-spheres adsorptive μ-extraction (MSAμE) is fully discussed. From the several sorbent materials tested, acti...

This study evaluates the content of essential oils (EOs) and prenylated flavonoid Xanthohumol (XN) in extracts Slovenian hops, cultivar Aurora, obtained by using fluids different polarity. It is a continuation our previous work, investigating extraction bitter acids from hops. Extraction was conducted semi-continuously, sub- supercritical polarity, i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2) propane as non-pola...

The interface between the vapor and liquid phase of quadrupolar-dipolar fluids is the seat of an electric interfacial potential whose influence on ion solvation and distribution is not yet fully understood. To obtain further microscopic insight into water specificity we first present extensive classical molecular dynamics simulations of a series of model liquids with variable molecular quadrupo...

An electronically coarse-grained model for water reveals a persistent vestige of the liquid-gas transition deep into the supercritical region. A crossover in the density dependence of the molecular dipole arises from the onset of nonpercolating hydrogen bonds. The crossover points coincide with the Widom line in the scaling region but extend farther, tracking the heat capacity maxima, offering ...

We present two methods for solving the electrostatics of point charges and multipoles on the surface of a sphere, i.e., in the space S2, with applications to numerical simulations of two-dimensional (2D) polar fluids. In the first approach, point charges are associated with uniform neutralizing backgrounds to form neutral pseudo-charges, while in the second, one instead considers bi-charges, i....