In the present study, thiol-functionalization of tamarind seed polysaccharide was carried out by esterification with thioglycolic acid. Thiol-functionalization was confirmed by SH stretch in Fourier-transformed infra-red spectra at 2586 cm(-1). It was found to possess 104.5 mM of thiol groups per gram. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction study indicate increas...

Microcin J25 (MccJ25) is a small ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptide that is produced by Enterobacteriacea family especially E.coli. The present study focuses on preparation and evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial and biological properties of a new peptide derived from MccJ25. We prepared a MccJ25-derived peptide containing 14 amino acids and a single intra-molecular disulfide bond a...

biopolymers are environmental friendly sources as renewable and sustainable substituents for petroleum-based polymers. application of these polymers is common in variety of industries including papermaking. herbalexudate gums have been used in papermaking industry for decades, especially paper recycling. in this study, gum polysaccharide exudates from baridje plant  (ferula gummosa) extracted a...

Taste stimuli that evoke different perceptual qualities (e.g., sweet, umami, bitter, sour, salty) are detected by dedicated subpopulations of taste bud cells that use distinct combinations of sensory receptors and transduction molecules. Here, we report that taste stimuli also elicit unique patterns of neuropeptide secretion from taste buds that are correlated with those perceptual qualities. W...

Group A streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes or GAS) freshly isolated from individuals with streptococcal sore throat or invasive ("flesh-eating") infection often grow as mucoid colonies on primary culture but lose this colony appearance after laboratory passage. The mucoid phenotype is due to abundant production of the hyaluronic acid capsular polysaccharide, a key virulence determinant associ...

Recently, some polysaccharides showed therapeutic potentials for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases while the most important property, their permeability to the blood brain barrier (BBB) that sheathes the brain and spinal cord, is not yet determined. The determination has been delayed by the difficulty in tracking a target polysaccharide among endogenous polysaccharides in animal. We d...

inflammation is a part of the non-specific immune response which occurs in reaction to any type of injury. medicinal mushrooms have had application in various disorders including cancer, liver injuries, inflammation and diabetes. in the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extracts of medicinal mushrooms (fomes fomentarius, ganoderma applanatum and trametes hirsuta) were ...

A constituent of the bacterial cell wall, peptidoglycan, has been suggested to be a significant fraction of marine dissolved organic matter, but little is known about its turnover. We measured hydrolysis and remineralization rates of peptidoglycan in surface waters by using radiolabeled peptidoglycan that was extracted from a Gram-negative bacterium. Polysaccharide (N-acetyl-glucosamine and N-a...

Lycium barbarum and Ganoderma lucidum, highly valued Chinese medicinal fruit and mushroom, have attracted more and more attention because of the antitumour activities they have shown, and polysaccharides are considered their most important functional constituent. Forming new compounds of L. barbarum polysaccharides, isolated from dried L. barbarum fruits, and G. lucidum polysaccharides, derived...

To determine how polysaccharide production influences microalgal aggregate size, we stimulated polysaccharide production using existing methods (previously applied to cyanobacteria and plants). Cultures were treated with glyoxylate (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.25 mmol/L) to simulate nutrient stress and examined for 9 days (approaching stationary phase on day 9) to assess: growth rate, polysaccharide produc...